tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-84799623487372935092024-03-12T22:15:27.079-07:00測試用-天馬行空Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger62125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-17889114956266389982021-05-10T23:58:00.001-07:002021-05-11T00:00:55.165-07:00new post for testing follow.itjust test if subscriber will receive it<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://follow.it/365testonly?action=followPub" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="50" data-original-width="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgINPQvP5VU_5DTQHJuSLX2blriIOQeoIb5IUYPzJxhfnZs-htLZNAZKm4mhrKilXnK5zN8pklsYNzAzD2ezyI4O5VpfCOV-vWAxBCv64fpfC6zJX_I_83IiBB0HOO_KSiQpkPRz1Bhzxw/s0/13.png" /></a></div><br /><div><br /><!--Go to www.addthis.com/dashboard to customize your tools--><div class="addthis_inline_share_toolbox"></div>
https://follow.it/365testonly?action=followPub</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-34577419148911436482021-05-10T02:41:00.002-07:002021-05-10T02:41:27.479-07:00ecwid<div class="ecsp ecsp-SingleProduct-v2 ecsp-SingleProduct-v2-bordered ecsp-SingleProduct-v2-centered ecsp-Product ec-Product-355348194" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Product" data-single-product-id="355348194"><div itemprop="image"></div><div class="ecsp-title" itemprop="name" content="Muti-Layers Kitchen Scissors"></div><div itemtype="http://schema.org/Offer" itemscope itemprop="offers"><div class="ecsp-productBrowser-price ecsp-price" itemprop="price" content="12" data-spw-price-location="button"><div itemprop="priceCurrency" content="AUD"></div></div></div><div customprop="options"></div><div customprop="qty"></div><div customprop="addtobag"></div></div><script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript" src="https://app.ecwid.com/script.js?60508961&data_platform=singleproduct_v2" charset="utf-8"></script><script type="text/javascript">xProduct()</script>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-20578264659318995612021-05-05T01:02:00.001-07:002021-07-13T21:39:45.007-07:00站長公告鑑於本站宗旨為共筆共遊共玩共樂共學的精神,
由衷的歡迎有心成為本站長期固定寫手加入成為共筆作者一起豐富本站服務同學.<!--Go to www.addthis.com/dashboard to customize your tools-->
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本篇將簡單介紹如何使用Blogger發文,
對於未曾使用過Blogger的同學能更有信心玩轉Blogger, 加入本站成為 101 Wise
Talents 的專欄作家.
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本篇同時也是為了本站藝術總監所寫,
希望能幫助勇於踏出小邦邦轉戰Blogger的總監發覺離開小邦邦的世界更加美好和自由.
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趕快按下[<b>申請成為101專欄作家</b>]成為 101 Wise Talents 的共筆作者吧!
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<span style="letter-spacing: 2px;">Blogger是Google提供的免費部落格, 但要成為一位共筆作者, 首先,
需要擁有一個gmail帳號. </span><font style="letter-spacing: 2px;">如果沒有gmail, 請先</font><a href="http://www.gmail.com/" rel="nofollow" style="letter-spacing: 2px;" target="_blank">申請gmail 帳號</a><font style="letter-spacing: 2px;"> 按下[</font><b style="letter-spacing: 2px;">Create an account</b><font style="letter-spacing: 2px;">]鍵</font>
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<font style="letter-spacing: 2px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhS0OQmqSJXzuBDtrI8P2xaxoumjEoKPeiHUB9VpmNBQzinE2sbXuvQAqh9JNv-goAVflYU0WlzT6nV8oLrvVV6lS_CTF0sRqKpG5IHYRu8rzxEMYfJLWOllFs1BPvjrXseQgf8PkKNp8R/s1600/Capture.PNG" style="clear: left; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="1345" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhS0OQmqSJXzuBDtrI8P2xaxoumjEoKPeiHUB9VpmNBQzinE2sbXuvQAqh9JNv-goAVflYU0WlzT6nV8oLrvVV6lS_CTF0sRqKpG5IHYRu8rzxEMYfJLWOllFs1BPvjrXseQgf8PkKNp8R/w640-h250/Capture.PNG" width="640" /></a></font>
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<div>然後填寫您的個人資料, 在申請gmail的同時, 您便同時開了一個Google帳戶</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6WY2xcAnk8TO-0RyDioLc8KIIuSvYX46K37L6vSNh0VCM2gL6mHoVAUc7NkbJAdr876smSXGPKA_GBgJHrtzAsqtiN0j50urHgaBzxViOjUi_yaWqZWgqhFP8t1V_XMF3Dbkp4jypwEoY/s1600/Capture.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="503" data-original-width="697" height="462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6WY2xcAnk8TO-0RyDioLc8KIIuSvYX46K37L6vSNh0VCM2gL6mHoVAUc7NkbJAdr876smSXGPKA_GBgJHrtzAsqtiN0j50urHgaBzxViOjUi_yaWqZWgqhFP8t1V_XMF3Dbkp4jypwEoY/w640-h462/Capture.PNG" width="640" /></a>
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<div>接下來, 您會收到一封邀請函, 請按下[<b>接受邀請</b>]鍵</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfuydtjho_X-5qd9PMKIVPNtM2IuBmNu0Jll03ZP0gyt51fLQnuZthza-KU2a03XzhkZKF1ORvDbismIWqcA01F9qwN0uXZEeakhLSasOSYHdTKMjHcobWWvqd5FbTGoTAAGe-45OrOPY/s1289/111.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="679" data-original-width="1289" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfuydtjho_X-5qd9PMKIVPNtM2IuBmNu0Jll03ZP0gyt51fLQnuZthza-KU2a03XzhkZKF1ORvDbismIWqcA01F9qwN0uXZEeakhLSasOSYHdTKMjHcobWWvqd5FbTGoTAAGe-45OrOPY/w640-h338/111.jpg" width="640" /></a>
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<span>如果您的gmail下並沒有一個blogger帳號, 那麼, 它會要您先創建一個部落格.
到<a href="http://www.blogger.com/" target="_blank">Google Blogger的網站</a></span><span>然後按下[<b>Create Your Blog</b>]鍵</span>
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<span><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-203.png" height="205" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-203.png" width="640" /></span><br />Q: 咦... 不是只是加入 101 Wise Talents 共筆嗎?
為什麼要還創建一個部落格呢?
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<span>A: 因為要成為一名共筆作者, 自己首先要先擁有一個Goggle Blogger, 然後受邀後,
才能在自己 Blogger 的後台裡看到自己新建的部落格和 101 Wise Talents.</span>
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<span><b><u>新部落格設定</u></b></span>
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<span>在按下[<b>Create Your Blog</b>]鍵後, 會出現三個對話框,
依序在這裡輸入你未來部落格的標題, 網址和部落格格主的名字,
也就是作者名. </span><span>(不擔心, 之後都可以再改, 所以不用想太久.)</span><span> 然後按下[<b>完成</b>] 鍵.</span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGLkpx-ogSvUHhBoFp4yc3MbNvQKJykeLjjwqgH-QonY7yR3BidG6k4OMlCZ10z_7_aiTSJwdbGHy9Qy4Ub2Zib92hilEhNsDiwYDddm696c98EVwkHvwme59cvIyO1yDhgOEtlD8lBSCU/s1183/blog.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="338" data-original-width="1183" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGLkpx-ogSvUHhBoFp4yc3MbNvQKJykeLjjwqgH-QonY7yR3BidG6k4OMlCZ10z_7_aiTSJwdbGHy9Qy4Ub2Zib92hilEhNsDiwYDddm696c98EVwkHvwme59cvIyO1yDhgOEtlD8lBSCU/w640-h183/blog.JPG" width="640" /></a>
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<font><br /></font><br /><span>一個嶄新的部落格就建好了. 簡單又快速吧! 如果想要經營自己的部落格,
請參考這篇<a href="https://www.365ordinarydays.xyz/2019/06/blogspot.html#point3" target="_blank">Blogger後台的基本設定</a>.</span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMWbII0G2I6WkGjoLdQitNh723jwb7pw9OXYdTYuAotT3pfSLdczgfKYtBQFrCAJbuIS31Fzhmf68zA1c11MAyIEE902L-nb9sqXt-t0w8UTKcxsoWe2XgdhNt86aMbSL7WGr6osLDdLQ/s407/112.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="338" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMWbII0G2I6WkGjoLdQitNh723jwb7pw9OXYdTYuAotT3pfSLdczgfKYtBQFrCAJbuIS31Fzhmf68zA1c11MAyIEE902L-nb9sqXt-t0w8UTKcxsoWe2XgdhNt86aMbSL7WGr6osLDdLQ/s320/112.jpg" /></a>
此時, 你在部落格的後台可以看到你自己新建的部落格和101 Wise Talents.
</div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">在101 Wise Talents的後台, 由於你只是共筆作者, 所以可使用的權限僅限於發表文章和將自己從這個網誌中移除.</div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">你雖可以看到本站內所有的文章列表, 但不能修改別人發表的文章, 所以也不會因為不小心而誤刪了別人的文章.</div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">每位共筆作者對於自己撰寫的文章都有[<b>發表</b>]/[<b>標籤</b>]/[<b>刪除</b>]/[<b>瀏覽</b>]的功能, 但對於別人所撰寫的文章僅有[<b>瀏覽</b>]的功能.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmuubkhF9cM9art4S9StSIooUn9lIWQL-7rIHIsWa-Jl4h2Klr5Qx6gX19XZwpFIdpnNzBGoxson5TTCP2NrsZXzSza0lTqebPhiAPCuOiUHW1VY5dMvnAMJNU291p-Js-mieOOTGbEVk/s1352/113.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="1352" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmuubkhF9cM9art4S9StSIooUn9lIWQL-7rIHIsWa-Jl4h2Klr5Qx6gX19XZwpFIdpnNzBGoxson5TTCP2NrsZXzSza0lTqebPhiAPCuOiUHW1VY5dMvnAMJNU291p-Js-mieOOTGbEVk/w640-h140/113.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><b><span style="color: red;">提醒:</span></b> 即使是標示為[<b>草稿</b>]的文章, 所有的共筆作者都可以<b>預覽</b>哦.</div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div><div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div>
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<b><u>文章編輯</u></b>
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發表文章只要在Blogger後台, 選取[<b>文章</b>]→[<b>新文章</b>], 文章寫好,
按下[<b>發布</b>]鍵即可
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBAh3rTA668Yy_ru3EOMUpfaDmULkywPr_HswinWFtf4vclKxITxUECqg9fpEk7LiilK1-1zgyF68J3p-JTLcFAOwIs3sSSePqIDTSrXkj6aqBw-fbZHlPQXk2czWSBa3GOsckevatCh5a/s1600/blog.PNG" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="148" data-original-width="473" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBAh3rTA668Yy_ru3EOMUpfaDmULkywPr_HswinWFtf4vclKxITxUECqg9fpEk7LiilK1-1zgyF68J3p-JTLcFAOwIs3sSSePqIDTSrXkj6aqBw-fbZHlPQXk2czWSBa3GOsckevatCh5a/s16000/blog.PNG" /></a>
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<span>這裡介紹幾個關於在Blogger編輯文章的比較重要的設定:</span>
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<span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjirOYw2MwmCHCLb4F0dfCEtCpuyn8WJpbyc3-4qCmI4ZN_DeALiK-essXNTmdwSZR7wRV5ofxkzM7iMVwYMa9X1s7eCSWlQIrCjsUusHqOpzx1p_5zjdirYHCbmszB3TG35I8XBmuuRoq/s1890/blog.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="926" data-original-width="1890" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjirOYw2MwmCHCLb4F0dfCEtCpuyn8WJpbyc3-4qCmI4ZN_DeALiK-essXNTmdwSZR7wRV5ofxkzM7iMVwYMa9X1s7eCSWlQIrCjsUusHqOpzx1p_5zjdirYHCbmszB3TG35I8XBmuuRoq/w640-h314/blog.JPG" width="640" /></a></span>
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<span><span>[<b>標籤</b>]: </span></span>每篇文章一定要加入一個標籤, 就是分類啦. 分類做的好,
之後的管理和優化都會好做很多.
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<span><span>[<b>發布日期</b></span><span>]:</span></span>
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<span>[<b>自訂永久連結</b>]: </span><span>[<b>自訂永久連結</b>],
為每篇文章設定一個[<b>自訂永久連結</b>]就好像為你的文章賜名一樣的重要, </span>給一個有意義的網址名稱不僅好記好管理, 也有助SEO.
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<span>[<b>發布日期</b></span><span>]: </span>
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[<b>搜尋說明</b>]: 一段少於150字的短文介紹這篇文章, 有助SEO
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<span>[<b>選項</b>]: 設定該文是否允許留言.</span>
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<div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;"><br /></div>
<div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">
<span>一旦寫好您的第一篇文章後, 也做好上述的設定後, </span><span>新文章可以選擇直接[</span><b>發布</b><span>]或是選擇[預覽][</span><b>儲存</b><span>].</span>
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<span><br /></span>
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<div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">
<span>如果選擇[<b>儲存</b>], 該篇文章就不會被公開,
而是會被標記為"草稿".</span>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNnIrHKDohWlzyCuaDy9jJLH3CenDx1iQ5he-oMcwJhOa3zHWGnZEzWgRUCWN8RdM8DqrTwH13GwmUyCdoCHAlYrDV7wkQlYf2KcSRvY1mx27H1XmY2ss0LK9uojMz5ZuTYsNb-1LBcJb/s1600/blog.PNG" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="273" data-original-width="1600" height="109" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNnIrHKDohWlzyCuaDy9jJLH3CenDx1iQ5he-oMcwJhOa3zHWGnZEzWgRUCWN8RdM8DqrTwH13GwmUyCdoCHAlYrDV7wkQlYf2KcSRvY1mx27H1XmY2ss0LK9uojMz5ZuTYsNb-1LBcJb/w640-h109/blog.PNG" width="640" /></a>
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<span>這裡有一小段影片秀你上述申請Google Blogger 的步驟.</span><br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="415" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/kT-YeeLKycs?start=7" width="650"></iframe><br /><br />
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<span><br /></span>
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在開始其他的設定前, </span><span>(例如文章分類, 新增小工具等) </span><span>可以先發表一篇測試文, 看看喜不喜歡你選的版面,
順便看看你之前選的網址好不好打, 好不好記.</span><br />
<span><br /></span><span>.</span><br />
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每篇文章在發布前有幾個設定建議一定要先做好, 免得事後還要一一更改.
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[<b>標籤</b>]:
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<span>[<b>連結</b>]: 選</span>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-80134463319342476122021-05-01T21:45:00.004-07:002021-07-08T15:19:20.382-07:00test table<!--在部落格中加入五行四列欄位的table-->
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" style="border: 8px inset rgb(4, 234, 105); width: 500px;">
<tbody><tr><td>欄位 1 </td><td>欄位2 </td><td>欄位3</td><td>欄位4</td></tr>
<tr><td>欄位 1 </td><td>欄位2 </td><td>欄位3</td><td>欄位4</td></tr>
<tr><td>欄位 1 </td><td>欄位2 </td><td>欄位3</td><td>欄位4</td></tr>
<tr><td>欄位 1 </td><td>欄位2 </td><td>欄位3</td><td>欄位4</td></tr>
<tr><td>欄位 1 </td><td>欄位2 </td><td>欄位3</td><td>欄位4</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br /><br /><br />
<table mobiletable="">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Account</th>
<th>Due Date</th>
<th>Amount</th>
<th>Period</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 3412</td>
<td>04/01/2016</td>
<td>$1,190</td>
<td>03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 6076</td>
<td>03/01/2016</td>
<td>$2,443</td>
<td>02/01/2016 - 02/29/2016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Corporate AMEX</td>
<td>03/01/2016</td>
<td>$1,181</td>
<td>02/01/2016 - 02/29/2016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 3412</td>
<td>02/01/2016</td>
<td>$842</td>
<td>01/01/2016 - 01/31/2016</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
/*
Max width before this PARTICULAR table gets nasty. This query will take effect for any screen smaller than 760px and also iPads specifically.
*/
@media
only screen
and (max-width: 760px), (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px) {
/* Force table to not be like tables anymore */
table, thead, tbody, th, td, tr {
display: block;
}
/* Hide table headers (but not display: none;, for accessibility) */
thead tr {
position: absolute;
top: -9999px;
left: -9999px;
}
tr {
margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
}
tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #ccc;
}
td {
/* Behave like a "row" */
border: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
position: relative;
padding-left: 50%;
}
td:before {
/* Now like a table header */
position: absolute;
/* Top/left values mimic padding */
top: 0;
left: 6px;
width: 45%;
padding-right: 10px;
white-space: nowrap;
}
/*
Label the data
You could also use a data-* attribute and content for this. That way "bloats" the HTML, this way means you need to keep HTML and CSS in sync. Lea Verou has a clever way to handle with text-shadow.
*/
td:nth-of-type(1):before { content: "First Name"; }
td:nth-of-type(2):before { content: "Last Name"; }
td:nth-of-type(3):before { content: "Job Title"; }
td:nth-of-type(4):before { content: "Favorite Color"; }
td:nth-of-type(5):before { content: "Wars of Trek?"; }
td:nth-of-type(6):before { content: "Secret Alias"; }
td:nth-of-type(7):before { content: "Date of Birth"; }
td:nth-of-type(8):before { content: "Dream Vacation City"; }
td:nth-of-type(9):before { content: "GPA"; }
td:nth-of-type(10):before { content: "Arbitrary Data"; }
}
<table role="table">
<thead role="rowgroup">
<tr role="row">
<th role="columnheader">First Name</th>
<th role="columnheader">Last Name</th>
<th role="columnheader">Job Title</th>
<th role="columnheader">Favorite Color</th>
<th role="columnheader">Wars or Trek?</th>
<th role="columnheader">Secret Alias</th>
<th role="columnheader">Date of Birth</th>
<th role="columnheader">Dream Vacation City</th>
<th role="columnheader">GPA</th>
<th role="columnheader">Arbitrary Data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody role="rowgroup">
<tr role="row">
<td role="cell">James</td>
<td role="cell">Matman</td>
<td role="cell">Chief Sandwich Eater</td>
<td role="cell">Lettuce Green</td>
<td role="cell">Trek</td>
<td role="cell">Digby Green</td>
<td role="cell">January 13, 1979</td>
<td role="cell">Gotham City</td>
<td role="cell">3.1</td>
<td role="cell">RBX-12</td>
</tr>
<tr role="row">
<td role="cell">The</td>
<td role="cell">Tick</td>
<td role="cell">Crimefighter Sorta</td>
<td role="cell">Blue</td>
<td role="cell">Wars</td>
<td role="cell">John Smith</td>
<td role="cell">July 19, 1968</td>
<td role="cell">Athens</td>
<td role="cell">N/A</td>
<td role="cell">Edlund, Ben (July 1996).</td>
</tr>
<tr role="row">
<td role="cell">Jokey</td>
<td role="cell">Smurf</td>
<td role="cell">Giving Exploding Presents</td>
<td role="cell">Smurflow</td>
<td role="cell">Smurf</td>
<td role="cell">Smurflane Smurfmutt</td>
<td role="cell">Smurfuary Smurfteenth, 1945</td>
<td role="cell">New Smurf City</td>
<td role="cell">4.Smurf</td>
<td role="cell">One</td>
</tr>
<tr role="row">
<td role="cell">Cindy</td>
<td role="cell">Beyler</td>
<td role="cell">Sales Representative</td>
<td role="cell">Red</td>
<td role="cell">Wars</td>
<td role="cell">Lori Quivey</td>
<td role="cell">July 5, 1956</td>
<td role="cell">Paris</td>
<td role="cell">3.4</td>
<td role="cell">3451</td>
</tr>
<tr role="row">
<td role="cell">Captain</td>
<td role="cell">Cool</td>
<td role="cell">Tree Crusher</td>
<td role="cell">Blue</td>
<td role="cell">Wars</td>
<td role="cell">Steve 42nd</td>
<td role="cell">December 13, 1982</td>
<td role="cell">Las Vegas</td>
<td role="cell">1.9</td>
<td role="cell">Under the couch</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<script type="text/javascript">
amzn_assoc_placement = "adunit0";
amzn_assoc_search_bar = "true";
amzn_assoc_tracking_id = "365ordinary05-20";
amzn_assoc_search_bar_position = "bottom";
amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "search";
amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart";
amzn_assoc_marketplace = "amazon";
amzn_assoc_region = "US";
amzn_assoc_title = "Shop Related Products";
amzn_assoc_default_search_phrase = "B091MQJSNJ";
amzn_assoc_default_category = "All";
amzn_assoc_linkid = "da4de00969dc45863e6f77eddf4d802d";
</script>
<script src="//z-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/onejs?MarketPlace=US"></script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-74894751191299983492021-03-19T16:26:00.012-07:002021-07-15T17:47:30.862-07:00測試2<p> 如何用CSP做一個動畫? 用時間軸來做一個GIF檔.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin41HuAJhA3jug11-OMpLf-huiwyeBfEs4hafk789Lk-vaB9nZIqMXdJprUJjWrH8OfXzIxhpePhBB3scvO4CcxLPs_r0YbMYeWr2aBy4plWoQ9IVgH-gN8_qQAEVw1mU16NDtS9S8Zxc/s100/laugh.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin41HuAJhA3jug11-OMpLf-huiwyeBfEs4hafk789Lk-vaB9nZIqMXdJprUJjWrH8OfXzIxhpePhBB3scvO4CcxLPs_r0YbMYeWr2aBy4plWoQ9IVgH-gN8_qQAEVw1mU16NDtS9S8Zxc/s0/laugh.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhBQ1PDvkHxKbz3fVKgYZ8Rg0DoxwlxWytowYDlx2Aao3rR_Z8M5MgDXotyrPWBwDIWjZY9yZUZuUlXWp__4czCZlFv-GJmzQjwWBIM0oqXs8Ipn4T8R2oPyywEq74aEBSBKYaF7F3auo/s100/smile3.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhBQ1PDvkHxKbz3fVKgYZ8Rg0DoxwlxWytowYDlx2Aao3rR_Z8M5MgDXotyrPWBwDIWjZY9yZUZuUlXWp__4czCZlFv-GJmzQjwWBIM0oqXs8Ipn4T8R2oPyywEq74aEBSBKYaF7F3auo/s0/smile3.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvv5-lvlAAyA4t1MjoBs8tnod0_AaUStlWGfpwnx0f2yrWYkcBDiDYsVD_jL-KLXWA29bcjiawQFvoScUjtTZAFC3RXsrah6s-a5RZ0W4kyBJjVPTgruuf3ntq7OCVhc8DobQ166CKDt8/s100/good.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvv5-lvlAAyA4t1MjoBs8tnod0_AaUStlWGfpwnx0f2yrWYkcBDiDYsVD_jL-KLXWA29bcjiawQFvoScUjtTZAFC3RXsrah6s-a5RZ0W4kyBJjVPTgruuf3ntq7OCVhc8DobQ166CKDt8/s0/good.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTb6svzcJAhPHpROT-dPnO3UqvLPPKANNuGCw20QsggRRMkbJjdO7a2-5rikYs_IYf5_YTOlamZCIxqm-3bVL7yWg7zdjbKIagfsQ20T6G-gMZ95a_wwUskeUT_uqTmPj1x6e4D70xR0/s100/think.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTb6svzcJAhPHpROT-dPnO3UqvLPPKANNuGCw20QsggRRMkbJjdO7a2-5rikYs_IYf5_YTOlamZCIxqm-3bVL7yWg7zdjbKIagfsQ20T6G-gMZ95a_wwUskeUT_uqTmPj1x6e4D70xR0/s0/think.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxvCbk1KUuM69RvYpX2bqderNsZzoszPILmVVxsD3n_onUB7yfK9a2T4lHCg7hOtG3GS4ii1Sgge_86fMzyg6pB1EbTJDSvBzKRLRx95yTmjlAutiVgzKKvdT8cBEUNvdIyfSn1FBTz8k/s100/shock.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxvCbk1KUuM69RvYpX2bqderNsZzoszPILmVVxsD3n_onUB7yfK9a2T4lHCg7hOtG3GS4ii1Sgge_86fMzyg6pB1EbTJDSvBzKRLRx95yTmjlAutiVgzKKvdT8cBEUNvdIyfSn1FBTz8k/s0/shock.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>
<p>本篇將示範二種用CSP做動畫GIF檔的方法.</p>
<p></p><div class="mbtTOC2">
<button>目錄索引 <span>[<a id="Tog" onclick="mbtToggle2()">hide</a>]</span></button>
<div id="mbtTOC2"></div>
</div><br /><p></p>
<p>
首先, 先示範已經畫好的4個貼圖, 然後把4個連續動作的貼圖加到時間軸裡,
做出一個GIF.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
第二個方法, 則是直接開啓一個新的動畫檔, 然後直接在畫版上畫一個底圖,
然後複製數個底圖加在時間軸裡, 再在每一個圖層上做微調, 即成為一個動畫GIF.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p></p><h5><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>用連續動作圖案來做GIF</b></span></h5><p></p>
<p>那麼, 先來示範第一種, 已經畫好的4個貼圖分別如下:</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p></p><h6><span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>步驟一:上傳圖檔</u></b></span></h6><p></p>
<p>
在CSP裡, [檔案/File]→[打開/Open]: 先打開這4張圖檔, 然後隨便挑一張,H
把另外三張Copy & Paste到其中一張裡.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>步驟二:新建時間軸</u></b></span></p>
<p>
接下來, 按下[新建時間軸]按鈕→會跳出一個[新建時間軸]的小對話框,
這裡的時間之後都可以再改→所以可以直接按下[OK]鍵.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟三:增加動畫資料夾</span></u></b></p>
<p>按下[新建動畫資料夾]→然後把4張圖層依序拉入新增的[動畫資料夾]裡.</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
此時, 你會發現拉進[動畫資料夾]裡的其他3張圖片都沒有顯現出來,
那是因為我們還沒有指定膠片.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟四:指定膠片</span></u></b></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
讓圖檔出現的方法很簡單, 請參考下圖,
先在時間軸裡的資料夾裡點選圖片→按下[指定膠片]按鈕→會跳出一個[選擇圖層]的小對話框→點選要要出現的圖層名稱→按下[OK]鍵.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;">注意事項:</span></u></b></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
這裡要注意的是上圖中的紅線.
紅線的位置決定了當你按下[OK]鍵時所選擇的圖層會出現的位置.
二條藍線是整個動畫的時間段, 也可自行調整.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
以上述的步驟逐步把4張圖片依序加入時間軸中排列好, 然後接下⏵鍵即可看動畫效果.
可按下[循環播放]鍵讓動畫不停止一直重覆播放.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟五:輸出動畫GIF檔</span></u></b></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>如果滿意結果, 便可輸出為GIF檔: [檔案]→[寫出動畫]→[動畫GIF]</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>教學示範影片</u></b></span></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p></p><h5><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>直接畫出連續動作來製作GIF</b></span></h5><p></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>接下來, 示範第二種製作動畫的方法, 直接徒手在畫板上畫出連續動作.</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p></p><h6><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟一:新建動畫</span></u></b></h6><p></p>
<p>
在CSP裡,
[檔案/File]→[新建/New]→按下[動畫]鍵→可以自行調整動畫的高度和寛度及播放時間,
但這些都可以事後再行修改→按下[OK]鍵.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟二:手繪草稿和複製底圖</span></u></b></p>
<p>
此時CSP會自動開啓一個"動畫資料夾", 裡面會有第一個圖層,
你便可以開始在這個空白圖層上畫一個底圖.
然後用[複製圖層]的功能複製數個底圖以供修改和微調, 做出不同的連續動作.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟三:指定膠片</span></u></b></p>
<p>
你會發現從底圖複製出來的圖層在動畫畫布上看不到, 這時,
要先把紅線拉到第二張圖要出現的位置→然後選取在時間軸的動畫資料夾裡的圖片→按下[指定膠片]按鈕→會跳出一個[選擇圖層]的小對話框→點選要要出現的圖層名稱→按下[OK]鍵.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
這時候, 在畫布上出現的圖層便是第二張圖了, 此時在這裡所做的任何修改,
都不會影響到第一張底圖.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><span style="font-size: large;">[貼心提醒]</span></b></p>
<p>
➤紅線的位置決定了每張圖片出現的時間, 所以在[指定膠片]前, 要先把紅線位置選好.
</p>
<p>
➤在為圖層做動作的修改和微調時, 可以按下[使描圖紙有效]的按鈕,
讓你可以清楚的知道前一張圖的動作是什麼.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
以上述的步驟逐步加入跑跳的動作, 然後接下⏵鍵即可看動畫效果.
可按下[循環播放]鍵讓動畫不停止一直重覆播放.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟四:輸出動畫GIF檔</span></u></b></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>如果滿意結果, 便可輸出為GIF檔: [檔案]→[寫出動畫]→[動畫GIF]</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">教學示範影片</span></u></b></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
如果喜歡, 可以用同樣的方法加入背景圖案,
以移動背景圖的方式來顯示出跑步小人的前進.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
最後, PRO版本的CSP最多只能創建24幀動畫格(藍線的寛度只能拉到24),
如果想創建更多,那麼就必需購買EX版本。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<script>mbtTOC2();</script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-11012637445901664462021-03-19T16:24:00.012-07:002021-07-15T03:40:19.647-07:00測試<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL5squpoaKeeSehWFlKfbCMzQJgFlspF5dUZspoTIFPzHUZRr4aU1qcfPs9QbPDfq5NvAPndPB68m_Km9sbT317sM-tbw1P_pa0wguHjNTQzYwQtlmNbnwIAQ2sknWRRptLRBGlM7uiJI/s100/shock.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL5squpoaKeeSehWFlKfbCMzQJgFlspF5dUZspoTIFPzHUZRr4aU1qcfPs9QbPDfq5NvAPndPB68m_Km9sbT317sM-tbw1P_pa0wguHjNTQzYwQtlmNbnwIAQ2sknWRRptLRBGlM7uiJI/s16000/shock.gif" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAwoIUcAyi6kPtJQqj2N4GleEMBmfEhQiBIZx_1-PsxHHgbWTlXo2tixgLZcXeREWrbH4YcltmjFAKnKdw73W7lSt6SRwcDW3vaoLjld1P0_BNvj8py-xGnI2dOa3i7Z6_Iu4HCaZ8VXk/s100/biggrin.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="76" data-original-width="92" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL2m5nkpjQ2Mm5NpSsA565YQfshLY_nL11F-0oTY5OjNcNvhGlk8VOv4rhVJ85Tz-j_arOg2Q1z-_5EfeGBFonSBeoH_8SD6qE73ZjnHNuRuZ6D2XOzM6647jEwf4gq-J3IdmvVQBLcsw/s0/shock1.png" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifW68V0jJwzvRqXnjw0QZsc6YHKTKI6v11xbfL3vVDUuhVGbFnM0hcGy6Guf63qg6H-hsg2STpWZqp77p_yWrT-pPdygZsWxC6YZ8p9kH_LyH7gGdF0ZCeoI7xsGcEodHxjvR4mSFXhPw/s100/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252814%2529.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifW68V0jJwzvRqXnjw0QZsc6YHKTKI6v11xbfL3vVDUuhVGbFnM0hcGy6Guf63qg6H-hsg2STpWZqp77p_yWrT-pPdygZsWxC6YZ8p9kH_LyH7gGdF0ZCeoI7xsGcEodHxjvR4mSFXhPw/s0/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252814%2529.gif" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVK2Jc6wac8L2scHdddwAZntc-gAdc1XDKgvaaAsjylg87xQgR3WUFKoN_oPwEgOAr0RQ_Ow2IHjuj6vm5N5AMXgyag-tnpoojt-CZlvQKDE_R2KkihG72nhdFpiZ90mc6ydZft6oeN7k/s100/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252812%2529.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVK2Jc6wac8L2scHdddwAZntc-gAdc1XDKgvaaAsjylg87xQgR3WUFKoN_oPwEgOAr0RQ_Ow2IHjuj6vm5N5AMXgyag-tnpoojt-CZlvQKDE_R2KkihG72nhdFpiZ90mc6ydZft6oeN7k/s0/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252812%2529.gif" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>如何用CSP做一個動畫? 用時間軸來做一個GIF檔.</p>
<p>本篇將示範二種用CSP做動畫GIF檔的方法.</p>
<p>
首先, 先示範已經畫好的4個貼圖, 然後把4個連續動作的貼圖加到時間軸裡,
做出一個GIF.
</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixtm6Y6mDKuHYuSPGA5ToMRPKNq19BKCODoKOmwQcHxDTXko1lJtGRYNzflqJ8urW_NmLlpa0wZXFTw_8f2XuG432W_bB8HV6eMFCrOA1WEHw51QCG03ONgq2eDub67hLJ4ygtKcJUBE7j/s400/%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2595%25ABgif.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixtm6Y6mDKuHYuSPGA5ToMRPKNq19BKCODoKOmwQcHxDTXko1lJtGRYNzflqJ8urW_NmLlpa0wZXFTw_8f2XuG432W_bB8HV6eMFCrOA1WEHw51QCG03ONgq2eDub67hLJ4ygtKcJUBE7j/s16000/%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2595%25ABgif.gif" /></a>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<p>
第二個方法, 則是直接開啓一個新的動畫檔, 然後直接在畫版上畫一個底圖,
然後複製數個底圖加在時間軸裡, 再在每一個圖層上做微調, 即成為一個動畫GIF.
</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrm5653KBu3wkVgAqmPs9zTC4Lb4rMka7a0AiXk5rvmkHOl9otY4oLbHRToCWd2r9A4QmJij4kUCS1wCs2sON232eRjCYhhYGARA9iryVuMGFYxtUNhZsm4wIdc9nBVO8DTcFbtuwGuJC7/s400/%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2595%25AB.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrm5653KBu3wkVgAqmPs9zTC4Lb4rMka7a0AiXk5rvmkHOl9otY4oLbHRToCWd2r9A4QmJij4kUCS1wCs2sON232eRjCYhhYGARA9iryVuMGFYxtUNhZsm4wIdc9nBVO8DTcFbtuwGuJC7/s16000/%25E5%258B%2595%25E7%2595%25AB.gif" /></a>
</div>
<p>
<span style="font-size: xx-large;"></span>
</p>
<h5>
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>用連續動作圖案來做GIF</b></span>
</h5>
<p></p>
<p>那麼, 先來示範第一種, 已經畫好的4個貼圖分別如下:</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjzucEPLsPfohfhIkgRtnxI7GOal6QZwvCvRB-ynSZCY8l0TwZQn9S4evJYfsdHzZfS8Z-TwmPtwgNOrL3eoIyRFmgeu6utlWb1uRdBZWam0_EgGDAXxUnPBe1NJM02zXOyfu5Kyp_x0PM/s958/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="230" data-original-width="958" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjzucEPLsPfohfhIkgRtnxI7GOal6QZwvCvRB-ynSZCY8l0TwZQn9S4evJYfsdHzZfS8Z-TwmPtwgNOrL3eoIyRFmgeu6utlWb1uRdBZWam0_EgGDAXxUnPBe1NJM02zXOyfu5Kyp_x0PM/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟一:上傳圖檔</span></u></b>
</div>
在CSP裡, [<b>檔案/File</b>]→[<b>打開/Open</b>]: 先打開這4張圖檔, 然後隨便挑一張,H
把另外三張Copy & Paste到其中一張裡.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuW6A0xT-Gz09KdlDpOhOMTWsA6ruKMnmhPoPhPVu9C7BzWygljqZZH6VrPqjcq9ewun3KXokY6373-YnBHfajUHMvw-ypfkQ6i-WAtNGgJ9ICBgpFpbgyrSGAwJtnS0tAOuVxv_0y0_Hy/s767/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="680" data-original-width="767" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuW6A0xT-Gz09KdlDpOhOMTWsA6ruKMnmhPoPhPVu9C7BzWygljqZZH6VrPqjcq9ewun3KXokY6373-YnBHfajUHMvw-ypfkQ6i-WAtNGgJ9ICBgpFpbgyrSGAwJtnS0tAOuVxv_0y0_Hy/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟二:新建時間軸</span></u></b>
</div>
接下來, 按下[<b>新建時間軸</b>]按鈕→會跳出一個[<b>新建時間軸</b>]的小對話框,
這裡的時間之後都可以再改→所以可以直接按下[<b>OK</b>]鍵.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1v0Tmi1NmSk2z3PyPAUxaetaSuKHH0EIQmavBBJj5TQhtp5jQiOtp9U3gZca8fyrtqfZ7powWdzsi7tCFqTI0zB1MTGkr0m7cJEpj-msMqt-7O0fsEdYzYan8IILFcucrY4F_hHCBZCkX/s897/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="897" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1v0Tmi1NmSk2z3PyPAUxaetaSuKHH0EIQmavBBJj5TQhtp5jQiOtp9U3gZca8fyrtqfZ7powWdzsi7tCFqTI0zB1MTGkr0m7cJEpj-msMqt-7O0fsEdYzYan8IILFcucrY4F_hHCBZCkX/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<br />
<div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟三:增加動畫資料夾</span></u></b>
</div>
<div>
按下[<b>新建動畫資料夾</b>]→然後把4張圖層依序拉入新增的[<b>動畫資料夾</b>]裡.
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTd58NCE2may19bu-YWLP9kJMC4tl5VZKqviOBlPrRJPmaZKSQTwCRH-EnsRaafyNdzVFRoauAJVt8vhrAAipZU33VK3y2gtIpdirdQJwJw_uvsgDQx6JCFfz_8Ork87KEjYcAMWrG9PcL/s1430/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="391" data-original-width="1430" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTd58NCE2may19bu-YWLP9kJMC4tl5VZKqviOBlPrRJPmaZKSQTwCRH-EnsRaafyNdzVFRoauAJVt8vhrAAipZU33VK3y2gtIpdirdQJwJw_uvsgDQx6JCFfz_8Ork87KEjYcAMWrG9PcL/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
此時, 你會發現拉進[<b>動畫資料夾</b>]裡的其他3張圖片都沒有顯現出來,
那是因為我們還沒有<b>指定膠片</b>.
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b style="font-size: 13.4px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟四:指定膠片</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
讓圖檔出現的方法很簡單, 請參考下圖,
先在<b>時間軸</b>裡的資料夾裡點選圖片→按下[<b>指定膠片</b>]按鈕→會跳出一個[<b>選擇圖層</b>]的小對話框→點選要要出現的圖層名稱→按下[<b>OK</b>]鍵.
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">注意事項:</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
這裡要注意的是上圖中的紅線.
紅線的位置決定了當你按下[<b>OK</b>]鍵時所選擇的圖層會出現的位置.
二條藍線是整個動畫的時間段, 也可自行調整.
<div><br /></div>
<div>
以上述的步驟逐步把4張圖片依序加入時間軸中排列好, 然後接下<span style="font-size: large;"><b>⏵</b></span>鍵即可看動畫效果. 可按下[<b>循環播放</b>]鍵讓動畫不停止一直重覆播放.
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b style="font-size: 13.4px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟五:輸出動畫GIF檔</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
如果滿意結果, 便可輸出為GIF檔:
[<b>檔案</b>]→[<b>寫出動畫</b>]→[<b>動畫GIF</b>]
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b style="font-size: 13.4px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">教學示範影片</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="425" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dw5-riv35xM" width="670"></iframe>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<h5>
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>直接畫出連續動作來製作GIF</b></span>
</h5>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>接下來, 示範第二種製作動畫的方法, 直接徒手在畫板上畫出連續動作.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟一:新建動畫</span></u></b>
</div>
在CSP裡,
[<b>檔案/File</b>]→[<b>新建/New</b>]→按下[<b>動畫</b>]鍵→可以自行調整動畫的高度和寛度及播放時間,
但這些都可以事後再行修改→按下[<b>OK</b>]鍵.
</div>
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYPaVd77N84gVsd6lBRyWmV7k6rC_v53HELrGiZKnUdBtx2KPV1QcdDDQoVvW7QLJ_plMpo03XkqBJVLe5rK7QgqcNGVh5Ce1FoL1PXHgV_d18Tq_ujUdRoWlJ8VKQkbl8fa6U1V95JXc0/s1375/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="474" data-original-width="1375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYPaVd77N84gVsd6lBRyWmV7k6rC_v53HELrGiZKnUdBtx2KPV1QcdDDQoVvW7QLJ_plMpo03XkqBJVLe5rK7QgqcNGVh5Ce1FoL1PXHgV_d18Tq_ujUdRoWlJ8VKQkbl8fa6U1V95JXc0/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟二:手繪草稿和複製底圖</span></u></b>
</div>
<div>
此時CSP會自動開啓一個"<b>動畫資料夾</b>", 裡面會有第一個圖層,
你便可以開始在這個空白圖層上畫一個底圖.
然後用[<b>複製圖層</b>]的功能複製數個底圖以供修改和微調, 做出不同的連續動作.
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg39r_zQqX1hD94mAErAjvBSUCt72xaYzQYpREXeW5BfDbMJSrV9D06KMuuA7nLP6mQL-GiFiFlDLq-TEgECJeH1c0PBDblfipm42Kmy_UkmrYdzyGm28tGr_f6bbIZSMRaGxb1j6dUhyuA/s1342/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="317" data-original-width="1342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg39r_zQqX1hD94mAErAjvBSUCt72xaYzQYpREXeW5BfDbMJSrV9D06KMuuA7nLP6mQL-GiFiFlDLq-TEgECJeH1c0PBDblfipm42Kmy_UkmrYdzyGm28tGr_f6bbIZSMRaGxb1j6dUhyuA/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟三:指定膠片</span></u></b><br />
<div>
你會發現從底圖複製出來的圖層在動畫畫布上看不到, 這時,
要先把紅線拉到第二張圖要出現的位置→然後選取在<b>時間軸</b>的<b>動畫資料夾</b>裡的圖片→按下[<b>指定膠片</b>]按鈕→會跳出一個[<b>選擇圖層</b>]的小對話框→點選要要出現的圖層名稱→按下[<b>OK</b>]鍵.
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwh4b9YMbYFyGaBEoGD5lggAFgJfPNvoXuQep5akEjOvcbOM4RnHf-YdMHrYW7TET700veX9YzsK7pBgO75QXlOhbLdchxcRJNHXTn9iyndVmLigBrhSB6cEEV8n3YHAlKzIpfM3ryt3_b/s885/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="685" data-original-width="885" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwh4b9YMbYFyGaBEoGD5lggAFgJfPNvoXuQep5akEjOvcbOM4RnHf-YdMHrYW7TET700veX9YzsK7pBgO75QXlOhbLdchxcRJNHXTn9iyndVmLigBrhSB6cEEV8n3YHAlKzIpfM3ryt3_b/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<br />
<div>
這時候, 在畫布上出現的圖層便是第二張圖了, 此時在這裡所做的任何修改,
都不會影響到第一張底圖.
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;">[<b>貼心提醒</b>]</span>
</div>
<div>
➤紅線的位置決定了每張圖片出現的時間, 所以在[<b>指定膠片</b>]前,
要先把紅線位置選好.
</div>
<div>
➤在為圖層做動作的修改和微調時, 可以按下[<b>使描圖紙有效</b>]的按鈕,
讓你可以清楚的知道前一張圖的動作是什麼.
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0RbWgQilRP1swh_1wiww1i5dBhIzHa-YjSxLTa9T_OWdNzBDl-h74araKEJ90BlI1IvxUAxIcaBT143ahfBsS8ZiCL6fTF-dwGsuATde03uYJYzZI25Ngg78br5UUBFGOPeUv7ofROa9L/s633/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="254" data-original-width="633" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0RbWgQilRP1swh_1wiww1i5dBhIzHa-YjSxLTa9T_OWdNzBDl-h74araKEJ90BlI1IvxUAxIcaBT143ahfBsS8ZiCL6fTF-dwGsuATde03uYJYzZI25Ngg78br5UUBFGOPeUv7ofROa9L/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
以上述的步驟逐步加入跑跳的動作, 然後接下<span style="font-size: large;"><b>⏵</b></span>鍵即可看動畫效果. 可按下[<b>循環播放</b>]鍵讓動畫不停止一直重覆播放.
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b style="font-size: 13.4px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">步驟四:輸出動畫GIF檔</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
如果滿意結果, 便可輸出為GIF檔:
[<b>檔案</b>]→[<b>寫出動畫</b>]→[<b>動畫GIF</b>]
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<b style="font-size: 13.4px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">教學示範影片</span></u></b>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="425" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/VbYAj1v1-nA" width="670"></iframe><br />
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
如果喜歡, 可以用同樣的方法加入背景圖案,
以移動背景圖的方式來顯示出跑步小人的前進.
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWS0LDun-FWz8x0wVtrEP1sUv7n57b_qApP5w_bd00pSglwVclz9WhRIsHb0pvztILSpUC5OqV42gZRYpJ6fspDbMFFKnUoPeJrn11GzdGLhkM96ym02tk_a9GQ6SbWhSemmuz8TVcaj2V/s560/running.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="560" data-original-width="560" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWS0LDun-FWz8x0wVtrEP1sUv7n57b_qApP5w_bd00pSglwVclz9WhRIsHb0pvztILSpUC5OqV42gZRYpJ6fspDbMFFKnUoPeJrn11GzdGLhkM96ym02tk_a9GQ6SbWhSemmuz8TVcaj2V/w400-h400/running.gif" width="400" /></a>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
最後, PRO版本的CSP最多只能創建24幀動畫格(藍線的寛度只能拉到24),
如果想創建更多,那麼就必需購買EX版本。
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOrt3zVWFeVlB5KHOc6JfthOneF3jng54xB_umAXn4xK9WDHnZyjKdQNqWpICRVrD9Y6Mn1tbauUyJSYPcpuDeuquTN2IIFm6SYYH4_MQBx5Y94YtaLs-PaezYa06VYgIDSEAV2i5XT5x/s894/EzW.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="894" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOrt3zVWFeVlB5KHOc6JfthOneF3jng54xB_umAXn4xK9WDHnZyjKdQNqWpICRVrD9Y6Mn1tbauUyJSYPcpuDeuquTN2IIFm6SYYH4_MQBx5Y94YtaLs-PaezYa06VYgIDSEAV2i5XT5x/s16000/EzW.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiAmW1GEZFJ-94uFWHfL1XH6mo5V2eg0N8PezVYP-52zQ-6famnNawIAHt0LR_2AdXp-VGZYq0KooQm7dEfcZ7gwiR6UlmuR_hJ-vsJS-Pu2UsueLMtz_90_Omx56VthSEDD9YKw8npn8/s100/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252813%2529.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiAmW1GEZFJ-94uFWHfL1XH6mo5V2eg0N8PezVYP-52zQ-6famnNawIAHt0LR_2AdXp-VGZYq0KooQm7dEfcZ7gwiR6UlmuR_hJ-vsJS-Pu2UsueLMtz_90_Omx56VthSEDD9YKw8npn8/s0/ezgif.com-gif-maker+%252813%2529.gif" /></a></div><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-29914546986821114532021-02-27T17:49:00.011-08:002021-02-27T17:53:22.601-08:00test-multi level 2<p>
Clubhouse是一款2020年最新的免費即時語音社交軟體, 根據維基百科的介紹,
Clubhouse是一款由阿爾法探索公司(Alpha Exploration
Co.)所開發的一種可以多人在線语音聊天的社交軟件. 人們可以在裡面討論預定的主題,
感覺就像是TED演講和podcast的混合.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<div class="mbtTOC2">
<button>目錄索引 <span>[<a onclick="mbtToggle2()" id="Tog">hide</a>]</span></button>
<div id="mbtTOC2"></div>
</div>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
Clubhouse算是當今最夯的社交軟件了, 沒用過也一定聽過! 如果不想和時代脫節,
那你一定要知道什麼是Clubhouse.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">加入Clubhouse的基本限制</span>
</h4>
<p><br /></p>
<h5><p>➤目前只能安裝在iPhone或是iPad上</p></h5>
<p>➤iOS的版本要在13.0以上</p>
<p>➤目前是采取要有邀請碼才能注册, 而邀請碼則是由已經加入Clubhouse的成員發出</p>
<p>➤受邀者必須在邀請者的手機contact list上</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
本以為這種僅以邀請碼才能注册成功的社交軟體成長速度有限,
不料Clubhose于2020年4月發佈至今, 用戶數已經超過了200萬人次,
也許正因為它的這種刻意設限的門檻, 反倒讓人趨之若鶩,
現在居然有人會花錢去買所謂的邀請碼...
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
當然啦, 買的人也不吃虧吧? 因為加入了他也有二個邀請碼, 他也能賣,
所以買的錢又賺回來了???
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">如何獲得Clubhouse邀請碼?</span>
</h4>
<p><br /></p>
<h5>小標</h5>
<p>
一般是已加入的朋友會有2個邀請碼, 然後朋友可以邀請在自己手機contact
list上的朋友進來, 再來新加入Clubhouse的成員也會獲得2個邀請碼,
再邀請2位朋友進來, 所以有點一個帶二個進來,
二個再帶四個人進來的等比級數方式成長自己的社交圈.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
所以, 獲取加入Clubhouse邀請碼的方式, 除了受到自己朋友的invite之外,
不少人會在臉書或是LINE的朋友圈裡和朋友求取Clubhouse的邀請碼.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
然而, 因為一個人只有二個邀請碼, 所以獲得的機會也不是很大,
於是很多想加入卻沒有邀請碼的人會想要上網買邀請碼.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
因為好奇, 上網查了一下究竟一個邀請碼值多少錢? 不查還好, 一查嚇一大跳,
這價錢真的是漫天喊價, 從A$20到A$600都有人在賣...
但懷疑真有人會花大錢去買這玩意兒嗎??
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">如何邀請朋友進入 Clubhouse?</span>
</h4>
<p><br /></p>
<h5>小標</h5>
<p>➤首先必須將對方的[手機號碼]加入自己的通訊錄中</p>
<p>
➤然後在 Clubhouse 首頁正上方點擊[信件]圖示,在要邀請的朋友旁按下[Invite]鍵,
即可發送邀請簡訊給對方
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>➤收到簡訊者, 點入下方的連結即可下載安裝Clubhouse然後申請加入</p>
<p>
➤如果2人在不同國家, 又無法把簡訊傳出, 其實用通訊軟體也OK, 例如把訊息轉貼到LINE
</p>
<p>
所以真正重要的步驟是把受邀者的手機號加到自己的contacts list上, 再按下invite鍵,
這二個步驟是關鍵. 而對方的手機號獲得申請後,
之後受邀的手機號可以在任何一台iOS的手機/平板上登入Clubhouse.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>提醒</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
提醒一下, 由於目前每個人只有二個邀請碼, 算是非常稀有, 所以, 在送出邀請碼時,
請確定受邀者是用iPhone, 還有他的iOS版本已經升級到13.0了.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
因為邀請碼一旦寄出, 便無法取消, 縱使受邀者手機不是iPhone, 無法使用邀請碼,
邀請人也無法再收回邀請碼重新邀請別人.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">什麼是Clubhouse?</span>
</h4>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
回到正題, 什麼是Clubhouse ? 其實就是個有著不同主題的[聊天室](英文叫virtual
rooms). 有些主題是聊如何賺錢的, 有些主題是聊目前的人才巿場,
有些是教你怎麼玩Clubhouse, 有些是閒聊, 有些是唱歌室, 各式各樣的, 任君挑選.
有些主持的不錯的[房間], 辦的像是專業講座, 可以學到不少的知識,
有點像在收聽radio一樣, 但Clubhouse又比radio要更"親民",
因為如果有問題可以即時舉手發問.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
<span style="font-size: large;"
><b><h5><u>用Clubhouse學英文</u></h5></b></span
>
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
語言也很多面化, 英文, 中文, 日文, 韓文, 法文... 都有, 所以,
也是一個很適合自己練外語的好地方, 和聽radio最大不同的地方是,
Clubhouse不僅僅是練聽力, 還能舉手發言, 對於平常面對老外不敢開口的朋友,
這裡是個不錯開口練外語的好地方.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
還有, 因為加入[房間]裡講話的人來自四面八方, 以英文為例,
除了台灣人習慣的美式口音之外, 還有英國腔, 印度口音, 中式口音, 中東口音等等,
每個人的說話速度也各不相同, 在這裡絕對可以學到日常生活中最常用的口語表達方法,
少了電視畫面分散注意力, 單純的用耳朵聽, 反而可以學到更多好用又生動的口語表達.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
<span style="font-size: large;"
><b><u>公開場合練習說話的藝術</u></b></span
>
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
撇開究竟是開口說母語還是外語, 不要以為只要不是啞巴, 人人都會說話. 其實,
很多人不懂應該如何在公開場合講話,
或者說如何在類似座談會的場合開口提問和發表意見.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
不懂, 是因為從小沒有這樣的練習機會, 加入Clubhouse是一個很好的學習環境,
聽人家怎麼樣開口提問, 同時自己也學會如何成為一個好的提問者.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p> </p>
<p>加入了幾個[房間]後, 發現好的提問者有三個基本要素:</p>
<p>1) 自然一開口先是謝謝主持人的邀請,</p>
<p>2) 再來簡述一下自己要提問的問題背景,</p>
<p>3) 然後簡潔的把問題提出. </p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
切記一點是, 當別人在回答你的問題時, 請千萬不要急著插嘴, 要等對方講到一個段落,
才開口. 這是說話的基本禮貌!
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>開房間</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
只要你有至少一個follower, 便可以也自己開一個私人或公開的[聊天室].
聊天室內不可以打字, 本身也沒有錄音功能,
但是參與者自己卻是可以用手機上的錄音錄影功能存檔, 所以講話時還是要小心,
不要作人身攻擊.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>Clubhouse有個基本的house rule, 那就是如果要錄音, 要務必告知大家你在錄音.</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
聊天室內有三種權限, 分別為主持人(moderator, 有權決定誰可以發言), 來賓(speaker,
擁有發言權, 圖像上會有麥克風), 和聽眾(audience, 如果要發言, 要舉手申請).
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>有三種不同的[房間]形式, 分別是: </p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>➤Closed: 只開放給你邀請的朋友</p>
<p>➤Social: 只有"追蹤"你的朋友可以加入</p>
<p>➤Public: 開放給所有Clubhouse的會員</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
剛加入, Clubhouse給我的感覺是, 它很像20幾年前的語音聊天室,
如果有經歷過那個年代聊天室的朋友, 應該也會有同感吧?! 那時一人在國外, 悶的慌時,
都是邊做功課邊開著語音聊天室聽著來自四面八方的人在線上聊天.
當時還交了幾個不錯的好友呢! 哈!!
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p> </p>
<p>
而要加入當時的聊天室, 人還是要被綁在電腦前面的,
而今天的Clubhouse則是裝在手機上, 走到哪裡聽到哪裡, 完全不受地域限制,
只要有一支iPhone便可以加入聊天室了.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>節目表</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
今天的Clubhouse不同於以往的聊天室, 或是現在很流行的podcast,
它是即時的線上講座, 有些內容很專業, 也很有用,
主持人會邀請許多有專業背景的來賓來講話, 進到對的房間,
其實可以學到不少東西.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
例如新加入Clubhouse的朋友就可以進入[Clubhouse 101]的房間,
不僅裡面有完整的介紹, 還可以提出你自己的問題, 會有老手來幫你解答.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>另外, 還有一些名人開講的房間, 例如: Elon Musk 和 Mark Zuckerberg.</p>
<p>
Clubhouse還有"節目表"!! 在首頁正上方點擊[月曆]圖示,
便可以看到今天[房間]的排程, 按下旁邊的小鈴噹,
時間到時就會提醒你你想要聽的專題開講囉.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>Android 手機</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
Clubhouse目前只適用在iOS上, 不過聽說Clubhouse已經雇用了Android工程師了,
預計在未來的2-3個月內, Clubhouse將會開放給Android手機用戶了. 讓我們拭目以待吧!
</p>
<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<script>mbtTOC2();</script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-90583787637847024042021-02-27T17:39:00.003-08:002021-02-27T17:43:59.581-08:00test-multi level<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQKXujpbsk-AzbMcqiJU9getCZKdF5-YQ_dPMdAW21sMcg2bB81h4McgTyodbxJWdd1lgeIUFu11HsLV24ZZ1O5aVLfPHaRbg_fyp_za3ydzOfEDgOX_RnZZEYaPjAsYIb_NH5iXmZxiuu/s672/zoom0.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="672" data-original-width="559" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQKXujpbsk-AzbMcqiJU9getCZKdF5-YQ_dPMdAW21sMcg2bB81h4McgTyodbxJWdd1lgeIUFu11HsLV24ZZ1O5aVLfPHaRbg_fyp_za3ydzOfEDgOX_RnZZEYaPjAsYIb_NH5iXmZxiuu/s16000/zoom0.JPG" /></a>
</div>
<p>
Clubhouse是一款2020年最新的免費即時語音社交軟體, 根據維基百科的介紹,
Clubhouse是一款由阿爾法探索公司(Alpha Exploration
Co.)所開發的一種可以多人在線语音聊天的社交軟件. 人們可以在裡面討論預定的主題,
感覺就像是TED演講和podcast的混合.
</p>
<div class="mbtTOC2">
<button>目錄索引 <span>[<a id="Tog" onclick="mbtToggle2()">hide</a>]</span></button>
<div id="mbtTOC2"></div>
</div>
<p>
Clubhouse算是當今最夯的社交軟件了, 沒用過也一定聽過! 如果不想和時代脫節,
那你一定要知道什麼是Clubhouse.
</p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #fcff01; font-size: x-large;">加入Clubhouse的基本限制</span>
</h4>
<p>
<br />➤目前只能安裝在iPhone或是iPad上<br />➤iOS的版本要在13.0以上<br />➤目前是采取要有邀請碼才能注册,
而邀請碼則是由已經加入Clubhouse的成員發出<br />➤受邀者必須在邀請者的手機contact
list上
</p>
<p>
本以為這種僅以邀請碼才能注册成功的社交軟體成長速度有限,
不料Clubhose于2020年4月發佈至今, 用戶數已經超過了200萬人次,
也許正因為它的這種刻意設限的門檻, 反倒讓人趨之若鶩,
現在居然有人會花錢去買所謂的邀請碼...
</p>
<p>
當然啦, 買的人也不吃虧吧? 因為加入了他也有二個邀請碼, 他也能賣,
所以買的錢又賺回來了???
</p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #fcff01; font-size: x-large;">如何獲得Clubhouse邀請碼?</span>
</h4>
<p>
<br />一般是已加入的朋友會有2個邀請碼, 然後朋友可以邀請在自己手機contact
list上的朋友進來, 再來新加入Clubhouse的成員也會獲得2個邀請碼,
再邀請2位朋友進來, 所以有點一個帶二個進來,
二個再帶四個人進來的等比級數方式成長自己的社交圈.
</p>
<p>
所以, 獲取加入Clubhouse邀請碼的方式, 除了受到自己朋友的invite之外,
不少人會在臉書或是LINE的朋友圈裡和朋友求取Clubhouse的邀請碼.
</p>
<p>
然而, 因為一個人只有二個邀請碼, 所以獲得的機會也不是很大,
於是很多想加入卻沒有邀請碼的人會想要上網買邀請碼.
</p>
<p>
因為好奇, 上網查了一下究竟一個邀請碼值多少錢? 不查還好, 一查嚇一大跳,
這價錢真的是漫天喊價, 從A$20到A$600都有人在賣...
但懷疑真有人會花大錢去買這玩意兒嗎??
</p>
<p>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz0ZHirk-wH3J_Ta9W80jE-BxuDTFOLDwX3s3naZ_DYazgH52cuv_qULDqm-xRUSr8on5wkhv72TZpOs3ooW5GL1LvhpX7ph6287BMpbX7wQwgolYfODC2ioAZvshVN7aAYG5ziUWnOY-n/s1671/zoom0.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="1671" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz0ZHirk-wH3J_Ta9W80jE-BxuDTFOLDwX3s3naZ_DYazgH52cuv_qULDqm-xRUSr8on5wkhv72TZpOs3ooW5GL1LvhpX7ph6287BMpbX7wQwgolYfODC2ioAZvshVN7aAYG5ziUWnOY-n/s16000/zoom0.JPG" /></a>
</p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="color: #fcff01; font-size: x-large;">如何邀請朋友進入 Clubhouse?</span></b>
</h4>
<p></p>
<p>
<br />➤首先必須將對方的[<b>手機號碼</b>]加入自己的通訊錄中<br />➤然後在
Clubhouse
首頁正上方點擊[<b>信件</b>]圖示,在要邀請的朋友旁按下[<b>Invite</b>]鍵,
即可發送邀請簡訊給對方
</p>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5orn5jQIqOkwU_VQieLJRzrD6RmywjzV_MM3kMNCdtcV5rmUnxtOeobft5GDaHs1zJSTlFX5TL9OnAQVEjOBT6lNwKRM4AsURU71C3dmacsPWS_QaGGc8fttSg5OKNKLYwLjN8Jusnc4I/s971/lanco.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="764" data-original-width="971" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5orn5jQIqOkwU_VQieLJRzrD6RmywjzV_MM3kMNCdtcV5rmUnxtOeobft5GDaHs1zJSTlFX5TL9OnAQVEjOBT6lNwKRM4AsURU71C3dmacsPWS_QaGGc8fttSg5OKNKLYwLjN8Jusnc4I/s16000/lanco.JPG" /></a>
<br />
<p></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEFVZ-eYl6A8P5EH6CWHTkwK78iCKYl1hisdFG9w3v-bzG_MOMC_dfvSwQYO3WK4Uj5BwGir0zcLhj2xd6NHqBzGiPKVGNE09s1SVefDyxsjR-Ed-GNzMIqaAintFsPYhNLa07zWL1R5Pp/s389/zoom0.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="300" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEFVZ-eYl6A8P5EH6CWHTkwK78iCKYl1hisdFG9w3v-bzG_MOMC_dfvSwQYO3WK4Uj5BwGir0zcLhj2xd6NHqBzGiPKVGNE09s1SVefDyxsjR-Ed-GNzMIqaAintFsPYhNLa07zWL1R5Pp/w154-h200/zoom0.JPG" width="154" /></a>
</div>
➤收到簡訊者, 點入下方的連結即可下載安裝Clubhouse然後申請加入<br />➤如果2人在不同國家,
又無法把簡訊傳出, 其實用通訊軟體也OK, 例如把訊息轉貼到LINE
<p></p>
<p>
所以真正重要的步驟是把受邀者的手機號加到自己的contacts list上, 再按下invite鍵,
這二個步驟是關鍵. 而對方的手機號獲得申請後,
之後受邀的手機號可以在任何一台iOS的手機/平板上登入Clubhouse.
</p>
<p>
<b><u><span style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-size: large;">提醒</span></u></b>
</p>
<p>
提醒一下, 由於目前每個人只有二個邀請碼, 算是非常稀有, 所以, 在送出邀請碼時,
請確定受邀者是用iPhone, 還有他的iOS版本已經升級到13.0了.
</p>
<p>
因為邀請碼一旦寄出, 便無法取消, 縱使受邀者手機不是iPhone, 無法使用邀請碼,
邀請人也無法再收回邀請碼重新邀請別人.
</p>
<div><br /></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #fcff01; font-size: x-large;">什麼是Clubhouse?</span>
</h4>
<p>
<br />回到正題, 什麼是Clubhouse ?
其實就是個有著不同主題的[<b>聊天室</b>](英文叫virtual rooms).
有些主題是聊如何賺錢的, 有些主題是聊目前的人才巿場, 有些是教你怎麼玩Clubhouse,
有些是閒聊, 有些是唱歌室, 各式各樣的, 任君挑選. 有些主持的不錯的[<b>房間</b>],
辦的像是<b><span style="color: red;">專業講座</span></b>, 可以學到不少的知識, 有點像在收聽radio一樣, 但Clubhouse又比radio要更"親民",
因為如果有問題可以即時舉手發問.
</p>
<p id="english">
<b><u><h5><span style="font-size: large;">用Clubhouse學英文</span></h5></u></b>
</p>
<p>
語言也很多面化, 英文, 中文, 日文, 韓文, 法文... 都有, 所以,
也是一個很適合自己練外語的好地方, 和聽radio最大不同的地方是,
Clubhouse不僅僅是練聽力, 還能舉手發言, 對於平常面對老外不敢開口的朋友,
這裡是個不錯開口練外語的好地方.
</p>
<p>
還有, 因為加入[<b>房間</b>]裡講話的人來自四面八方, 以英文為例,
除了台灣人習慣的美式口音之外, 還有英國腔, 印度口音, 中式口音, 中東口音等等,
每個人的說話速度也各不相同, 在這裡絕對可以學到日常生活中最常用的口語表達方法,
少了電視畫面分散注意力, 單純的用耳朵聽, 反而可以學到更多好用又生動的口語表達.
</p>
<p>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">公開場合練習說話的藝術</span></u></b>
</p>
<p>
撇開究竟是開口說母語還是外語, 不要以為只要不是啞巴, 人人都會說話. 其實,
很多人不懂應該如何在公開場合講話,
或者說如何在類似座談會的場合開口提問和發表意見.
</p>
<p>
不懂, 是因為從小沒有這樣的練習機會, 加入Clubhouse是一個很好的學習環境,
聽人家怎麼樣開口提問, 同時自己也學會如何成為一個好的提問者.
</p>
<p>
加入了幾個[<b>房間</b>]後, 發現好的提問者有三個基本要素:<br />1)
自然一開口先是謝謝主持人的邀請, <br />2) 再來簡述一下自己要提問的問題背景,
<br />3) 然後簡潔的把問題提出.
</p>
<p>
切記一點是, 當別人在回答你的問題時, 請千萬不要急著插嘴, 要等對方講到一個段落,
才開口. 這是說話的基本禮貌!
</p>
<p>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">開房間</span></u></b>
</p>
<p>
只要你有至少一個follower, 便可以也自己開一個私人或公開的[<b>聊天室</b>].
聊天室內不可以打字, 本身也沒有錄音功能,
但是參與者自己卻是可以用手機上的錄音錄影功能存檔, 所以講話時還是要小心,
不要作人身攻擊.
</p>
<p>Clubhouse有個基本的house rule, 那就是如果要錄音, 要務必告知大家你在錄音.</p>
<p>
聊天室內有三種權限, 分別為<b>主持人</b>(moderator, 有權決定誰可以發言),
<b>來賓</b>(speaker, 擁有發言權, 圖像上會有麥克風), 和<b>聽眾</b>(audience,
如果要發言, 要舉手申請).
</p>
<p>有三種不同的[<b>房間</b>]形式, 分別是: </p>
<p>
➤Closed: 只開放給你邀請的朋友<br />➤Social: 只有"追蹤"你的朋友可以加入<br />➤Public:
開放給所有Clubhouse的會員
</p>
<p>
剛加入, Clubhouse給我的感覺是, 它很像20幾年前的語音聊天室,
如果有經歷過那個年代聊天室的朋友, 應該也會有同感吧?! 那時一人在國外, 悶的慌時,
都是邊做功課邊開著語音聊天室聽著來自四面八方的人在線上聊天.
當時還交了幾個不錯的好友呢! 哈!!
</p>
<p>
而要加入當時的聊天室, 人還是要被綁在電腦前面的,
而今天的Clubhouse則是裝在手機上, 走到哪裡聽到哪裡, 完全不受地域限制,
只要有一支iPhone便可以加入聊天室了.
</p>
<p>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">節目表</span></u></b>
</p>
<p></p>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMExGUIarUb3KyolxXKKWwzRySDAYUACF1i3JM-K2TmHkJ2yzUpAFWIwg1OFcSS16TkXe94PhSR9YE7XBZvTMtF38_M6ol9aKAerT-iI2yJLXesdqozHJ8wtGrM7Kvd1RkI6iITQ-5PGJJ/s713/zoom0.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="713" data-original-width="413" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMExGUIarUb3KyolxXKKWwzRySDAYUACF1i3JM-K2TmHkJ2yzUpAFWIwg1OFcSS16TkXe94PhSR9YE7XBZvTMtF38_M6ol9aKAerT-iI2yJLXesdqozHJ8wtGrM7Kvd1RkI6iITQ-5PGJJ/s320/zoom0.JPG" /></a>今天的Clubhouse不同於以往的聊天室, 或是現在很流行的podcast, 它是即時的線上講座, 有些內容很專業, 也很有用, 主持人會邀請許多有專業背景的來賓來講話, 進到對的房間, 其實可以學到不少東西. <div><br /></div><div>例如新加入Clubhouse的朋友就可以進入[Clubhouse 101]的房間, 不僅裡面有完整的介紹, 還可以提出你自己的問題, 會有老手來幫你解答. <br /><div><br /></div><div>另外, 還有一些名人開講的房間, 例如: Elon Musk 和 Mark Zuckerberg.<p></p>
<p>
Clubhouse還有"節目表"!! 在首頁正上方點擊[<b>月曆</b>]圖示,
便可以看到今天[<b>房間</b>]的排程, 按下旁邊的小鈴噹,
時間到時就會提醒你你想要聽的專題開講囉.
</p>
<p><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">Android 手機</span></u></b></p>
<p>
Clubhouse目前只適用在iOS上, 不過聽說Clubhouse已經雇用了Android工程師了,
預計在未來的2-3個月內, Clubhouse將會開放給Android手機用戶了. 讓我們拭目以待吧!
</p>
<p><!--PropellerAds獎勵按鈕up&down&臉書粉專-->
<div class="fb-page" style="clear: both; text-align: right;" data-adapt-container-width="true" data-height="" data-hide-cover="false" data-href="https://www.facebook.com/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A6%AC%E8%A1%8C%E7%A9%BA-365%E5%80%8B%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%A1%E7%84%A1%E5%A5%87%E6%97%A5%E5%AD%90%E8%A3%A1%E7%9A%84%E7%84%A1%E9%99%90%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD-107735604478728" data-show-facepile="true" data-small-header="false" data-tabs="event" data-width=""><blockquote cite="https://www.facebook.com/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A6%AC%E8%A1%8C%E7%A9%BA-365%E5%80%8B%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%A1%E7%84%A1%E5%A5%87%E6%97%A5%E5%AD%90%E8%A3%A1%E7%9A%84%E7%84%A1%E9%99%90%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD-107735604478728" class="fb-xfbml-parse-ignore"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A6%AC%E8%A1%8C%E7%A9%BA-365%E5%80%8B%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%A1%E7%84%A1%E5%A5%87%E6%97%A5%E5%AD%90%E8%A3%A1%E7%9A%84%E7%84%A1%E9%99%90%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD-107735604478728">天馬行空 - 365個平凡無奇日子裡的無限可能</a></blockquote></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function open_win() {
window.open("//stawhoph.com/afu.php?zoneid=3737960", "ad");
}
</script>
<a href="//stawhoph.com/afu.php?zoneid=3737960" onclick="open_win()" target="_blank"><img alt="喜歡" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTnMtaS-07CJA3wKBlqERx2kmQcfbiWnW0z0Y6tX1qkUj_SfWAzjFMEKf7ixI2xtwJWYnI-aNtIg6OS_2iQZ_xm8ovPLkhG6qrh8lUsBN1PtO3ZVlNQXbWNvT-s_kCisI1bwJbr22FpPg/s252/Capture1.JPG" width="150" /></a><script type="text/javascript">
function open_win() {
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</script>或者
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<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<script>mbtTOC2();</script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-39309180938238972412021-02-05T21:11:00.001-08:002021-02-05T21:11:42.828-08:00test<p> </p>
<p>
在文章裡加入目錄索引不僅有助於訪客在短時間內尋找到需要的內容,
同時因為可以降低跳出率, 增長訪客網站停留時間, 所以也有助於 SEO .
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
如果文章太長,一般人可能沒耐性看完全文,如果能有個目錄索引在一開頭顯示該文的大綱,訪客就可以依據自己的需要點擊下去看相關內容。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<div class="mbtTOC2">
<button>目錄索引 <span>[<a id="Tog" onclick="mbtToggle2()">hide</a>]</span></button>
<div id="mbtTOC2"></div>
</div>
<p>本篇將會分享如何在文章裡加入多層次的目錄索引.</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第一步:備份現有主題</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
建議在每一次要增加或修改主題的HTML時,都請先行備份現有主題,以免不測。主題的備份非常簡單,所以請不要省略這個1秒鐘的動作。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>在Blogger後台的[主題]→[備份/還原]</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>詳情請參考此篇"主題的備份和還原"。</p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第二步:貼上HTML程式碼</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
在Blogger後台的[主題]→[編輯HTML], 在搜尋列內按 Ctrl+F 輸入 </head>,
</p>
<p>這張圖片的 alt 屬性值為空,它的檔案名稱為 image-1.png</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>在</head>上面貼入下面的HTML程式碼</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
註:在文章內,h2 是標題,h3 是子標題, h4 是小標題。本文用h3做第一層,
用h5來做第2層.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第三步:取代既有的程式碼</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
用 Ctrl+F 在搜尋列下尋找
<data:post.body/>,如果你的主題有不只一個,那麼每個都要被下列的程式碼取代,不然整個"目錄索引"不會自動生成。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><div id="post-toc"><data:post.body/></div></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>然後記得按下"儲存主題"鍵</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第四步:貼上CSS程式碼</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p>這個有二個貼法:</p>
<p></p><h5><span style="color: #800180; font-size: medium;">方法一</span></h5><p></p>
<p>
比較簡單的貼法是直接在 Blogger 後台的[主題]→[自訂]→[新增CSS]裡貼上下面的程式碼
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p></p><h5><span style="color: #800180; font-size: medium;">方法二</span></h5><p></p>
<p>
另一個是在Blogger 後台的[主題]→ [編輯HTML] 裡用 Ctrl+F 的搜尋列裡找到
]]></b:skin>
</p>
<p>這張圖片的 alt 屬性值為空,它的檔案名稱為 image-2.png</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>然後在 ]]></b:skin> 上面貼入下面的CSS程式碼後按[儲存主題]</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
**顏色代碼查詢:如果想要更換上面CSS程式碼的顏色代碼,可以用這個網站來自行查詢和調整成自己喜歡的顏色代碼哦。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第五步:在文章內加入"目錄索引"</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
第一到第四步只需做一次,之後只需要在有需要的文章內加入下面這一小段程式碼,該文就會自動生成一個"內容目錄"了。
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">最後:貼上啓動碼</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>在文章的最尾端貼入啓動"目錄索引"的程式碼就可以啓動上面的設定了. </p>
<p><!--目錄索引啓動程式碼--></p>
<p><script>mbtTOC2();</script></p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
如果忘了貼這一段, 或是不小心刪除了這一段程式碼, 那麼整個目錄索引將不會顯示.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">為整個網站加一個目錄索引</span></h3>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
除了為文章裡加一個目錄索引方便訪客在長篇文章裡搜尋到自己想要的資訊外,
為自己的整個網站也做一個目錄索引, 或是稱之為網站地圖也是很重要的.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
整個網站的目錄索引裡會依文章的分類標籤列出該網站已刊登的所有文章.
這樣有助於來訪訪客快速的瀏覽該站某一特定分類的所有文章. 而不用一篇一篇的去找.
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>
對於一個擁有超過5個以上的分類, 總共又有超過100篇文章的網站,
這樣的一個網站目錄索引是很重要的, 詳情請參考這篇: 網站文章目錄索引
</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>參考資料:Table of Contents, H2 backgroup setup, 顏色代碼查詢</p>
<p>天馬行空 - 365個平凡無奇日子裡的無限可能</p>
<p>喜歡或者 不喜歡 如果覺得這篇有用, 那就請我喝杯咖啡吧!請我喝杯咖啡吧!</p>
<p><br /></p>
<p>本篇文章包含贊助內容,當您單擊某些鏈接時,我可能會獲得奬勵。</p>
<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<script>mbtTOC2();</script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-10036280075653999152021-02-01T19:01:00.025-08:002021-02-05T20:24:29.642-08:00test multi level TOC<div class="mbtTOC2">
<button>目錄索引 <span>[<a id="Tog" onclick="mbtToggle2()">hide</a>]</span></button>
<div id="mbtTOC2"></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"> test multi level TOC</div><h4 style="text-align: left;">1)第一層索引, 標題1, 小標</h4><p>contents1內容不出現在目錄裡</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">人<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLDaFg3_3SC0BJejH5Dju9JJFp2crRyEx8XNvxl25SEuF1x6MmWpK_7-mm25VQacPvOoqtgfq7-cj6IpsrsaRt9VUnxhsrxctZn9yUbdPervpXGgY6YvejJOgjIT2cYccwqX3EHWc_hww/s920/swordfish1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="701" data-original-width="920" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLDaFg3_3SC0BJejH5Dju9JJFp2crRyEx8XNvxl25SEuF1x6MmWpK_7-mm25VQacPvOoqtgfq7-cj6IpsrsaRt9VUnxhsrxctZn9yUbdPervpXGgY6YvejJOgjIT2cYccwqX3EHWc_hww/s16000/swordfish1.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><h4 style="text-align: left;">2)第一層索引標題2, 小標</h4><p>contents1內容不出現在目錄裡</p><h5 style="text-align: left;">2-1)標題2下的第二層, 用H5, </h5><p>contents1</p><h4 style="text-align: left;">3)TOC test 2 Level2</h4><p>contents1</p><h4 style="text-align: left;">4)TOC test3 Level1</h4><p>contents1</p><h4 style="text-align: left;">5)TOC test3 Level2</h4><p></p><h5>5-1)contents1</h5><div><br /></div><div>https://www.mybloggertricks.com/2017/02/create-table-of-contents-javascript.html</div><p></p><p>https://gettechsupport.in/2021/01/table-of-contents-for-blogger-post.html</p>
<script>mbtTOC2();</script>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-23408014415316826572020-11-27T17:37:00.014-08:002021-04-27T04:30:06.885-07:00buttons<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmjwra-m8pndrDYEM96VbU1BVdgoYkXQ_mnKY54CRGa7eIokF9200R_q8403j3l5W3-yuLiQrw75IngM79_Z25LzmE5-sYuD0Ft904ep8kZdcFa7tAdZvvplMVn-GCev0hxPdXK5GupMc/s400/button1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="133" data-original-width="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmjwra-m8pndrDYEM96VbU1BVdgoYkXQ_mnKY54CRGa7eIokF9200R_q8403j3l5W3-yuLiQrw75IngM79_Z25LzmE5-sYuD0Ft904ep8kZdcFa7tAdZvvplMVn-GCev0hxPdXK5GupMc/s320/button1.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfGLU8bfApGvYUXtjDSR1q0cMJIf0jQX7FBBUsEwv7496iqtltVnWgmgre43IkvYA2sDMk_hwzyV4Zpn7pAXuOOyOHxq0PVvR699eyni-vT911DhS079_O9EsfLqArOHv4rWcXP33kiFY/s400/button1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="133" data-original-width="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfGLU8bfApGvYUXtjDSR1q0cMJIf0jQX7FBBUsEwv7496iqtltVnWgmgre43IkvYA2sDMk_hwzyV4Zpn7pAXuOOyOHxq0PVvR699eyni-vT911DhS079_O9EsfLqArOHv4rWcXP33kiFY/s320/button1.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizteDlxwxh5eRHKgbWuFTH-XLbisN59fBfHp2sRaKYGx0v4na4oHqYSUYodp3aKP8ON-emZclPyFjUskbOFBWuWOE4oHhrdUtp04QM8aAC4AGMWUXbOXgi4W9SZmzsaMnwy1yLvelu6Ic/s200/zoom2.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="169" data-original-width="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizteDlxwxh5eRHKgbWuFTH-XLbisN59fBfHp2sRaKYGx0v4na4oHqYSUYodp3aKP8ON-emZclPyFjUskbOFBWuWOE4oHhrdUtp04QM8aAC4AGMWUXbOXgi4W9SZmzsaMnwy1yLvelu6Ic/s0/zoom2.JPG" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIKdhzL3a5Dh6nLJtzmaECiM7qmPfpWaAdmAtTnmRqDs3nhiJRotty70RVPSTM5raZJ9YT7-nHWhlE_7bRgJJm0PGo7HwXsyoWn6jV3mqwdaqP6_Eq_mhVss6u8FpVEesqgJqP5NQYK1I/s277/New+Project+%25286%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="270" data-original-width="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIKdhzL3a5Dh6nLJtzmaECiM7qmPfpWaAdmAtTnmRqDs3nhiJRotty70RVPSTM5raZJ9YT7-nHWhlE_7bRgJJm0PGo7HwXsyoWn6jV3mqwdaqP6_Eq_mhVss6u8FpVEesqgJqP5NQYK1I/s0/New+Project+%25286%2529.png" /></a></div><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-55487614643256485602020-09-25T21:01:00.010-07:002020-11-29T21:40:08.880-08:00English Title中文抬頭<a class="lang-switch-button" href="#" onclick="$(".lang-en").toggle();$(".lang-tw").toggle();" style="-goog-ms-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; background-color: black; border-radius: 5px; color: #fbfb38; font-weight: bold; padding: 5px 8px;">English | 正體中文</a>
<div class="lang-en">
<p>
Do you like the old facebook classic layout? Since September 2020, the option of "<b>switch to classic facebook</b>" is no longer available. if you really don't enjoy the new look, then you can still switch back to old classic layout by follwing steps.
</p>
<p>
If you are using Google Chrome or firefox browser, you can simply add an extension to switch facebook back to old classic layout.
</p>
<p>First of all, in Google search bar type "<b>chrome old layout for facebook</b>". </p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJdtOQf8AwI-q_1lPfFyRU1v5b1DytPieYQgb0Q5WHvypl6nnTZ-E0SvLw_N_toPAvn6MkPGduALNlOwdFot5p4a5an4GLUnskL3hhBwVRubenHO1UuOBKEoWzOaddnRdTm1ocNSBlQjN/s1045/Picture1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="373" data-original-width="1045" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJdtOQf8AwI-q_1lPfFyRU1v5b1DytPieYQgb0Q5WHvypl6nnTZ-E0SvLw_N_toPAvn6MkPGduALNlOwdFot5p4a5an4GLUnskL3hhBwVRubenHO1UuOBKEoWzOaddnRdTm1ocNSBlQjN/w640-h228/Picture1.png" width="640" /></a>
</div>
Then, click [<b>Add Chrome</b>] to switch facebook back to old layout<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFpTS42SaW0eEnCXwww16dAmlMuSeBCtG67cisooeDbhdOJAXbSIec3wF4HH9b9dlqWwN0ucJC8-d4Y1acMiOouowzs3rmdOUDIYzUIEN-fF9SJumE5UE4082ib4qmF3OTwLnea3-GCiZ0/s1377/Picture1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="419" data-original-width="1377" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFpTS42SaW0eEnCXwww16dAmlMuSeBCtG67cisooeDbhdOJAXbSIec3wF4HH9b9dlqWwN0ucJC8-d4Y1acMiOouowzs3rmdOUDIYzUIEN-fF9SJumE5UE4082ib4qmF3OTwLnea3-GCiZ0/w640-h194/Picture1.png" width="640" /></a>
</div>
Now click [<b>Add extension</b>]<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5gkBnZHoajWIk9_lg5qUmbiTz-BpIajKwwbgQnTqaiFgJXW_COWa3tBbomDMcuXHIowC8MjWX4M6WVmDeSK-QodBiGTkkgYn6cf7QFKqjonWKDBk3wZk7HNC346TGzZCCaQt6NhoZl22G/s551/Picture2.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="217" data-original-width="551" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5gkBnZHoajWIk9_lg5qUmbiTz-BpIajKwwbgQnTqaiFgJXW_COWa3tBbomDMcuXHIowC8MjWX4M6WVmDeSK-QodBiGTkkgYn6cf7QFKqjonWKDBk3wZk7HNC346TGzZCCaQt6NhoZl22G/w640-h252/Picture2.PNG" width="640" /></a>
</div>
Back to your facebook, click the facebook extension you just installed, select [<b>Enabled</b>], now your facebook layout is back to old classic look.
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<div class="lang-tw" style="display: none;">
<p>
是否不適應新版的臉書畫面嗎? 之前臉書還有提供你暫時換回經典舊版的選項,
但自九月起, 這個選項就消失了, 如果真的很不能接受新版的臉書畫面,
那麼可以用下面的方法來改回經典舊版哦.
</p>
<p>
如果用的brower是Google Chrome或是firefox,
只需安裝一個extension就可以把臉書改為經典舊版了.
</p>
<p>首先, 在Google搜尋列中搜尋chrome old layout for facebook. </p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJdtOQf8AwI-q_1lPfFyRU1v5b1DytPieYQgb0Q5WHvypl6nnTZ-E0SvLw_N_toPAvn6MkPGduALNlOwdFot5p4a5an4GLUnskL3hhBwVRubenHO1UuOBKEoWzOaddnRdTm1ocNSBlQjN/s1045/Picture1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="373" data-original-width="1045" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJdtOQf8AwI-q_1lPfFyRU1v5b1DytPieYQgb0Q5WHvypl6nnTZ-E0SvLw_N_toPAvn6MkPGduALNlOwdFot5p4a5an4GLUnskL3hhBwVRubenHO1UuOBKEoWzOaddnRdTm1ocNSBlQjN/w640-h228/Picture1.png" width="640" /></a>
</div>
然後按[<b>加到Chrome</b>]鍵, 加裝Old Layout for Facebook<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFpTS42SaW0eEnCXwww16dAmlMuSeBCtG67cisooeDbhdOJAXbSIec3wF4HH9b9dlqWwN0ucJC8-d4Y1acMiOouowzs3rmdOUDIYzUIEN-fF9SJumE5UE4082ib4qmF3OTwLnea3-GCiZ0/s1377/Picture1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="419" data-original-width="1377" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFpTS42SaW0eEnCXwww16dAmlMuSeBCtG67cisooeDbhdOJAXbSIec3wF4HH9b9dlqWwN0ucJC8-d4Y1acMiOouowzs3rmdOUDIYzUIEN-fF9SJumE5UE4082ib4qmF3OTwLnea3-GCiZ0/w640-h194/Picture1.png" width="640" /></a>
</div>
按下[<b>Add extension</b>]<br />
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</div>
再回到你的臉書, 按下剛才安裝的facebook extension, 選[<b>Enabled</b>],
你的臉書就回到經典舊版囉.
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<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1P37GWP8SM9awHFXQWx8ZrtKRAelhTRxlatYnF_wAZAUG3itTdr-UrzQsOUdBTlRWfEwskYG8zQo8-x5u1ISSpXz6biJEPAFwBr5TLttuhopKPESyogmhhs_ldltpOka9Cwu1t-9_EgI/s435/3.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="435" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1P37GWP8SM9awHFXQWx8ZrtKRAelhTRxlatYnF_wAZAUG3itTdr-UrzQsOUdBTlRWfEwskYG8zQo8-x5u1ISSpXz6biJEPAFwBr5TLttuhopKPESyogmhhs_ldltpOka9Cwu1t-9_EgI/s320/3.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-82481072934669281762020-09-23T02:13:00.003-07:002020-09-23T05:17:35.574-07:00test<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoyfqD045CB8T6ldvdfiVSSnbcENtb2eJYtO0TBsmdddVtnFb7cqkRhLO9HGjwVKdPvA9XeiE9c8bCJYgP66j_UuX5rJVBUPSQ0Bi6HsASAu8m2FpZBrAy_JvkQBk7PjYbc72cz_Bl8Rs/s664/Picture2.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="555" data-original-width="664" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoyfqD045CB8T6ldvdfiVSSnbcENtb2eJYtO0TBsmdddVtnFb7cqkRhLO9HGjwVKdPvA9XeiE9c8bCJYgP66j_UuX5rJVBUPSQ0Bi6HsASAu8m2FpZBrAy_JvkQBk7PjYbc72cz_Bl8Rs/s320/Picture2.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRFHVVkoq1nkkUV0JZ-WwzKcbooXDTqatm_gHj4XjknpG5X1Q8Jtt9CPRGq6Gat7-b2Unexdifszw5U02huSCsVtrm_iwsPsoYueLtSlCbVAnXGyih4n2dF3YnSj0vtwL6jDGs1hLQjjw/s950/Picture2.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="392" data-original-width="950" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRFHVVkoq1nkkUV0JZ-WwzKcbooXDTqatm_gHj4XjknpG5X1Q8Jtt9CPRGq6Gat7-b2Unexdifszw5U02huSCsVtrm_iwsPsoYueLtSlCbVAnXGyih4n2dF3YnSj0vtwL6jDGs1hLQjjw/s320/Picture2.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-45855397608130729712020-09-17T02:04:00.003-07:002020-09-17T02:04:46.597-07:00test<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHPWWgeI3_AqD5hs2auJ2dPNqvUeUAmtuIwlERYQTnj-pVQAxLt1cJXsrtagpg-fewTWqssOIlnDsaqJWFeuXKz5-_zd6onmbi8CkCYiVl909t_qGRYjV3BwQeM8XQcpoZXPBZFzVu4Js/s938/592943d67b3.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="423" data-original-width="938" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHPWWgeI3_AqD5hs2auJ2dPNqvUeUAmtuIwlERYQTnj-pVQAxLt1cJXsrtagpg-fewTWqssOIlnDsaqJWFeuXKz5-_zd6onmbi8CkCYiVl909t_qGRYjV3BwQeM8XQcpoZXPBZFzVu4Js/s320/592943d67b3.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-74025053295511971692020-09-09T03:35:00.002-07:002020-09-09T03:35:44.339-07:00測試文章內自動出現廣告<div class="post-header" style="background-color: white; color: #4f4f4f; font-family: Oswald; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">
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國史軼聞 - 神秘王朝數西夏</h1>
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<span class="post-author vcard" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><a class="g-profile" data-gapiattached="true" data-gapiscan="true" data-onload="true" href="https://www.professorliu.club/2020/08/Xixia.html" rel="author" style="color: #bbbbbb; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" title="站長: 獨孤氏"><span itemprop="name" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">站長: 獨孤氏</span></a> </span><span class="post-timestamp" style="margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></span><span class="label-head" style="margin-left: 10px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> <a href="https://www.professorliu.club/search/label/%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%BB%BC%E8%81%9E?&max-results=3" rel="tag" style="color: #bbbbbb; outline: 0px; padding-left: 2px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">國史軼聞</a></span></div>
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<article style="background-color: white; color: #4f4f4f; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 15px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-5761382539721269469" itemprop="articleBody" style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 25.5px; letter-spacing: 1.1px; line-height: 1.7em; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; width: 708.388px;">
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<span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">站長獨孤氏簡報-本系列將就劉教授所著之"國史軼聞-旮旯裏的國史"不按順序的做單篇分享.</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">《延伸閱讀》上一篇: 隋唐盛世胡風熾</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">在我國歷史中,以「夏」為政權名稱的,有好幾個,最早的,還屬於遠古時代的禹,他開創了家天下,他的王朝就叫做夏,夏王朝也是國史中三代之始,只是當時還沒有創制可資應用的文字,有許多歷史書籍稱之為傳說時代,夏王朝大約始於西元前2033~前1562年,前後傳了十八個「王」,大約有四百八十一年。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">夏王朝距今太遙遠了,又缺乏文獻的記載,要瞭解夏王朝的實際情形,還有待未來考古的發現。</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">第二個以「夏」為政權名稱,要數源於匈奴族的赫連勃勃,之前赫連勃勃叫劉勃勃,後來建立政權之後,才改姓名為赫連勃勃,或者大家會以為「赫連」是匈奴語,其實不是,依照《晉書‧赫連勃勃載記》所載:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">「<b style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">朕之皇祖自北遷幽朔,姓改姒氏(注意夏禹姓姒),音殊中國,故從母氏為劉,子而從母之姓,非禮也,古人氏族無常,或以因生為氏、或以王父之名,朕將以義易之,帝王者繫天為子,是為徽赫,實與天連,今改姓赫連氏。</b>」</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">從《晉書》這段記載,很容易知道「赫連」還是漢文的意義,之前他從母姓劉氏,其實他的母親未必姓劉,而是兩漢對匈奴行和親政策,以良家子為「公主」,嫁匈奴單于,因此匈奴勢弱之後,單于後代自認是漢皇室外甥,而以劉為姓,劉勃勃的父親劉衛辰自認為單于之後,所以姓劉,其實東漢三國時,內徙的匈奴貴族,多以劉為姓,像胡族首度建立漢魏式政權的漢趙劉淵(字文海,漢趙或作前趙),也是匈奴族。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">更妙的是赫連勃勃自認遠古時自北遷幽朔,改姓姒氏,而姒是夏禹的姓,這不是巧合,而是刻意附會,因為《史記》匈奴傳載有匈奴之先夏后氏之後(其實這種說法,極有商榷餘地,詳情可參看拙著《匈奴史論》、台北南天書局,1983年),所以就說是姓姒氏,赫連氏所建的夏,歷三主共二十五年(西元407~431年),屬於短命的王朝,但是《晉書‧載記》、《北史》及《十六國春秋》卻都記載了赫連夏的史事。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">第三個以夏為政權名稱的就是本文所要敘述的主題,一般文獻都指稱這個夏是李元昊所建的,時間是西元1032年,那一年是北宋仁宗趙禎明道元年、契丹遼興宗耶律宗真重熙元年;由於李元昊的夏,其疆域偏西,所以史稱西夏。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏自李元昊創建後,歷十八主,國祚長達近二百年(西元1032~1227年),如所周知,自秦始皇統一天下,到清宣統宣布退位的二千一百多年裏,大大小小的王朝或政權,有七、八十個之多,享祚超過二百年的,只有唐、遼、明、清四個朝代,如果從這個角度看,西夏王朝也該算是享祚很長的朝代,如果將李元昊之前的幾代事蹟,加以追述,那麼西夏的歷史,更顯得悠久,可是卻沒有列入我國的正統王朝,也沒有一部史書記錄西夏的史事,寧非怪事?</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏曾經創制獨特的西夏文,譯寫了許多佛經、漢人儒家經典,可惜現在幾乎已經無人能夠解讀,西夏的都城曾經繁華異常,而其帝王的陵墓建築,極其雄偉,曾經被西方學者譽之為東方的金字塔,這一切都缺乏專書加以介紹,讓曾經存在近二百年的西夏王朝,顯得格外的神秘,本文擬就手邊的資料,試著掀開這片神秘的面紗,進一步看看西夏。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">當然不可能透過這篇短文,就能夠看到西夏王朝的真面貌,筆者才疏學淺,對神秘莫測的西夏,基本上也是一知半解,只是透過有限的文獻,把西夏王朝的面貌約略的介紹些,所以只能進一步看。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: red; font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(圖)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏文佛母孔雀明王經</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">談歷史上胡族王朝,必須將統治者跟他的人民、也就是被統治者分開看,比如匈奴族劉淵或者羯族所建的前趙、後趙,統治者是匈奴族、羯族,被他們統治的人民,固然有匈奴、羯、氐、羌、鮮卑、瀘水胡、稽胡等胡族,但絕大多數卻是漢人,所以如果不把統治者、被統治者分開看,就無法瞭解各胡族王朝的真相。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏王朝的情況也是如此。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">先就西夏王朝被統治的人民作個簡單的介紹,要談這個問題,又必得先將西夏王朝的疆域加以說明,否則無法知道那些人是西夏的臣民,一個王朝的疆域,常因國力之盛衰而有所變更,現在姑且以西夏王朝盛時的疆域為準,看看在這片土地上有那些民族。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西元1038年,李元昊建立西夏王朝後七年,她的疆域大致上:東臨黃河,西至玉門,南抵蕭關,北達大漠,也算是相當的廣袤了,這塊疆域位處現在中國青海、甘肅、寧夏回族自治區、陜西一部份,從大方向看,則處於亞洲內大陸東部邊緣,如果論其面積,總有六、七十萬平方公里以上.</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏東北跟契丹的遼的西京道為鄰、東面與南面都跟北宋為鄰、西部與薩拉(或作沙拉,回紇語意為黃)回紇(也有直接漢譯為黃頭回紇)、西州回紇以及吐番(要讀作吐缽)為鄰,在這廣袤的疆域中既有可供農耕的地方,更多的是可供游牧的草原以及沙漠,在這多元的生存空間中,自然孕育了多元的民族.</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">據漢文史料所記載,羌族是這塊地區最早的「原住民」,稱之為「黨項羌」,諸胡列國早期鮮卑的慕容部,有一個叫吐谷渾<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span>的部屬嫡出弟弟的部屬,因為鬥馬傷了庶嫡兄弟的感情,吐谷渾一氣之下,率領了七百戶部眾(一說一千七百戶)向西到了今天青海、甘肅這塊地方,幾代之後,他的子孫征服了在地的土著民族,建了一個政權,就以祖先吐谷渾為國家的名稱,吐谷渾王朝存在了好幾百年<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span>,因此西夏王朝境內有鮮卑系民族,應該無可懷疑的,只是鮮卑族人數不多,時間一久,在語言、習俗上慢慢都融入在地的羌人之中了。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) <span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">吐谷渾要讀作吐浴渾,是前燕興起前,慕部首領的庶長子</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #0b5394; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) 有關吐谷渾詳情,請參見拙著《鮮卑史論》一書,台北南天書局,1994年</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">據說現在甘肅、青海一帶的土族,就是古代吐谷渾的後裔。西夏王朝境內既有些可耕地,善於農耕的漢人,自然不會放過,所以在西夏王朝境內被統治的人民至少有土著是羌人<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>、吐谷渾遺民、漢人,或者還有些為數不多的少數民族,西夏王朝絕對不是單一民族的政權。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 羌人種類非常之多,各有稱號,彼此都不互相統屬</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">至建立西夏王朝的王室,又是另一個民族,據相關史料所載,西夏王朝最早冒出頭的人,叫拓跋赤辭,連續傳了幾代都是以「拓跋」為姓,從這個姓氏很自然的會跟建立北魏的鮮卑拓跋氏,產生聯想,近代香港學者林旅芝先生於西元1975年曾出版了「西夏史」一書,對於西夏王室(林書分別以族源、帝系二表表達)作了以下的圖解:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 無終、無窮 烏桓(烏丸)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">山戎(北戎) 貊 東胡 慕容氏</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 東胡 鮮卑 宇文氏</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 林胡 段氏 元魏</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 樓煩 拓跋氏 柔然</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 乞伏</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">秃髮</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> 赤辭 □ 守寂……乾暉 □ 思恭(以下西夏帝系甚為清晰)</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"> </span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">這樣看來西夏王室也是鮮卑族拓跋氏的一個支派,既是王室,在整個西夏王朝來說,在人數上當然只是少數,時間一久,自然也跟土谷渾一樣融入黨項羌的文化裏去了,所以一般人提起西夏,就跟黨項羌劃上了等號,現在看了以上的分析,應該瞭解西夏王朝王室的族源,是源出於鮮卑拓跋部。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏王朝的疆域大部份是吐谷渾的轄地,吐谷渾的統治者是鮮卑族慕容部,這在前文已經交代過了。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">按鮮卑民族離開大興安嶺發源地後,分為幾個路線向外遷徙,沿大興安嶺向東南遷徙者為慕容部、段部、宇文部;</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">越過呼倫泊、貝爾池向西進入今外蒙古,然後再南下內蒙、晉、陜、甘、青者為拓跋部、乞伏部、秃髮部及柔然<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span>各部,或許有拓跋部一支進入吐谷渾,就成為拓跋赤辭的先人,拓跋赤辭以及他的部屬人數不多,自然要臣服於吐谷渾,吐谷渾(指人名)的曾孫碎奚(或作辟奚)力量稍為強大,其時正是氐族前秦苻堅力量最盛之時<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span>,吐谷渾只好向前秦納貢稱臣,後來苻堅敗於淝水,國內各民族分崩離析,紛紛解脫前秦自謀發展,碎奚當然也不再向前秦納貢了,之後吐谷渾在諸胡列國時運用靈活的外交手腕,游走於諸強國之間,始終沒有被消滅,縱然強大的北魏<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註3)</span>統一了整個北方,吐谷渾也只向北魏稱臣貢方物而已,並沒有被滅國,進入隋、唐時情況依然如此,一直到唐武則天時,才被吐番所逐,吐谷渾前後存在三百多年,也算是一個奇蹟。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) 柔然是否確為鮮卑族,還是一個有爭議的問題,本文無法加以討論</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) 前秦苻堅在西元383年淝水之戰前,力量最為強大</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註3) 北魏 - 鮮卑拓跋部所建</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">拓跋赤辭為西夏王朝始奠基者,但是臣服於吐谷渾,他頗受吐谷渾慕容伏允可汗的重視,按慕容伏允可汗在位時間長達三十七年(西元598~634年),約當隋文帝到唐太宗之間,換言之,西夏在隋唐之時已經嶄露頭角了。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">吐谷渾慕容伏允可汗為了籠絡拓跋赤辭,就跟他結為兒親家,這可以證明當時拓跋赤辭所統率的黨項羌各部落一定有了相當的力量,吐谷渾王室才會以聯姻的方式籠絡他。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">唐太宗李世民即位後,慕容伏允可汗曾遣使團到長安致賀<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span>,回程時「順便」大掠鄯州<span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span>,唐太宗當然不悅,於是派使者到吐谷渾責備慕容伏允可汗,並且要徵召慕容伏允可汗到長安,可汗不但稱病不肯去,反而要求唐廷將「公主」嫁給他的兒子,唐太宗則要慕容伏允可汗的兒子親自到長安迎親,慕容伏允可汗兒子也稱病不去,唐太宗當然也就停止了「和親」,並且派中郎將康處真到吐谷渾明白告訴慕容伏允可汗背叛或歸順大唐帝國的禍福,伏允可汗自恃兵強馬壯不但聽不進康處真的分析,反而派兵掠奪蘭、廓二州,這下唐、吐之間有了戰爭.</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) 漢文史料自然依慣例稱之為遣使入貢</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) 鄯州為唐時所置,故地約在今青海省海東地區樂都縣</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">拓跋赤辭站在吐谷渾這一邊,率兵屯駐狼道峽,頑強抵抗唐軍,不久,在寡不敵眾的情況下,拓跋赤辭兵敗於肅山,只好向唐朝投降,唐朝就任命拓跋赤辭為西戎州都督<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>,並且賜拓跋赤辭姓李氏,此事在唐太宗李世民貞觀九年(西元635年),此後拓跋赤辭一族在名義上服於大唐帝國,不過我們要了解,拓跋赤辭對內完全自主,大唐天子根本管不到他,這種情形沿續了一段時間,所以漢文史料就稱之為「遂職貢不絕」。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 都督府設在今四川省阿壩藏族自治州松藩縣</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">後來由於吐番<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span>日益強盛,不斷向東擴張,拓跋一族無力抵抗,於是向唐朝請求遷居內地,這時已經到了唐玄宗李隆基(西元712~756年)時代,唐廷就以慶州<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span>地區析出另置靜邊州來安置這批後來所謂的西夏人,並且以拓跋赤辭的孫子拓跋守寂為右監門都督,封之為西平公。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) 吐番 - 就是今日的西藏</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) 慶州 - 今甘肅省慶陽地區慶陽縣</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">唐玄宗天寶末年有安祿山、史思明之亂,拓跋守寂率部眾參與平亂,建有戰功,任命為容州刺史。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">之後又有僕固懷恩之叛,由於郭子儀惟恐吐番、吐谷渾、黨項等部族趁機作亂,於是將聚居在靜邊州的拓跋一族及其所統的黨項羌,往北遷徙到今天寧夏地方,並且以拓跋乞梅居慶州,號東山部,以拓跋銀光居銀(今陝西省榆林地區米脂縣西北)、夏(今陝西省榆林地區橫山縣)二州,號平夏部。這樣又過了一百來年。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">到了唐朝末年有黃巢之亂,唐僖宗李儇(西元874~888年)避難逃到四川,這時平夏部拓跋思恭據有宥州(今陝西省榆林地區靖邊縣),發兵助唐平亂,亂事平定後,僖宗命拓跋思恭為左武衛將軍,權知夏、緩、銀留後;及徹底剿滅黃巢後,加拓跋思恭為太子太傅,賜爵夏國公,為定難節度使,再度賜姓李氏,西夏國號,就是從此開始,事在唐僖宗中和三年(西元883年)。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">拓跋思恭(或作李思恭)既為定難度使,等於是封疆大吏,而唐朝末年內政不修、吏治腐敗、盜賊四起、烽火連天,拓跋思恭乃是有雄心壯志的人,自然不甘處於腐敗唐朝之下,於是趁機大事擴充勢力,為建立後日的西夏王朝奠下了基石。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">拓跋思恭之後,由他弟弟拓跋思諫繼立,再後由思諫的侄子拓跋仁福一系傳了三代,到了李繼捧時,已經擁有河西廣大地了,而這時已經進入五代了,西夏的力量更形壯大,雖然名義上仍向五代(梁、唐、晉、漢、周)稱臣,但實際都不受命,幾乎是一個完全獨立的王國。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">五代後來被後周的殿前都檢點趙匡胤所結束,建國號為宋,這時西夏跟宋的關係還算融洽,西夏此時進行著內部的整頓,在此有必要將當時亞洲大陸的「國際」局勢,作一個概略的介紹,這樣才能瞭解之後西夏王朝的李元昊何以能夠在諸多國家環伺之下,維持而且壯大西夏王朝。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">在中國唐末藩鎮割據天下大亂,緊接著五代十國相繼或同時竝立,最後雖然由趙匡胤的北宋勉強給「統一」了,這個「統一」只是漢文文獻如此記載而已,北宋的疆域根本不能和唐朝盛時相提並論,再加上稍早五代時後晉石敬塘將北方燕雲十六州割讓給契丹的遼,使北宋北方國防塞盡失,所以北宋只好以給「歲幣」、米、絹等方式,跟遼維持和平關係,尤其自宋遼「澶淵之盟」簽訂之後,宋遼之間大致維持和平關係,北宋基本上不講究建立國防武力,忌諱將領擁有兵權,故北宋、南宋的軍力都很薄弱。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">至於契丹的遼,原本是從「馬上得天下」,是以武力建立國家的,建國初期,威震北亞,可是自從跟北宋簽訂「澶淵之盟」後,貪圖每年的「歲幣」白銀十萬兩、絹二十萬匹<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>,遼國不再講究武力了,所以西夏李元昊興起之初,無論北宋、或契丹的遼,前者徒擁中原「正統」王朝的虛名,後者憑藉以往的威名,既沒有足夠的實力、更沒有堅定的決心可以消滅初興的西夏。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 澶淵之盟訂於西元1004年,歲幣及絹後來又增加了許多</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">如果再看看西南方的吐番,吐番在唐初松贊剛布贊普<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>時,極為強大,連續幾代贊普都很英明有為,極力向外擴張,吐番盛時且占有天山南路,更一度攻下長安,可是後來發生滅佛事件之後,吐番陷於內亂,此後吐番日漸衰弱,根本威脅不了初興的西夏。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 贊普是吐番民族元首的稱謂,就像中原漢人稱元首為皇帝,北方草原游牧民族稱元首為單于、可汗,古埃及稱法老,阿拉伯稱蘇丹,或稱沙一樣</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">至於北方大漠之北,在蒙古成吉思汗鐵木真興起之前,大漠以北還是各民族的部落林立,還沒有「國家」形式的政治力量出現,較強大的兩個部落聯盟,兩個都是突厥語系的民族,其一是克烈部,大約在今天外蒙古的中部,另一個是乃蠻部,在克烈部之西。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">這兩個部落致力於團結發展還猶恐不及,要想越過大漠染指中原,根本是天方夜譚。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">至於天山南北,因為都是綠洲國家,各個綠洲間都隔著難以跨越的沙漠,所以自有史以來,就沒有見過天山南北統一在單一政治力量之下,再加上突(厥)回(紇)語系的回紇<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>民族,似乎是先天具有強烈的宗教歸屬或使命感,這時正是伊斯蘭教蓬勃向東發展,使篤奉佛教的突回系各民族迷惑於宗教信仰的矛盾漩渦之中,豈有力量威脅西夏?</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 回紇 - 日後的維吾爾</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">在這些有利的客觀條件之下,西夏以並不強盛的武力,不但存活了下來,而且創造出獨特的西夏文明,使中古時期在中國中西部綻放出燦爛而鮮艷文明之花,只可惜蒙古興起後,在蒙古騎兵蹂躪之下,西夏文明幾乎片甲不存,只靠斷簡殘篇的一些記載,以及考古學家努力挖掘下的若干遺留文物,去探索西夏王朝的本來面目,就更顯得神秘以及令人嚮往。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">前面提到西夏跟北宋初期維持相當友好關係,然而沒有一個政權願意長期成為另一個政權名義上的藩屬,除非力不如人、或者對方給予極大金錢物質的賞賜,或者本身領袖因循苟且無力開創,否則一定會力求發展,擺脫成為另一個政權藩屬的屈辱.</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏政權從拓跋赤辭始創之後,一直由他的子孫繼承,經過三百來年的努力奮鬥,傳到李繼遷時已經是北宋真宗趙恒(西元998~1022年)的年代了,北宋在中國歷史上原是個弱勢朝代,但是趙家天子還認為大宋是中央「天朝」,學著漢、唐天子的威儀,在北宋太宗趙炅(炅音同炯,其意為熱)賜李繼遷的堂兄李繼捧姓趙,所以有些文獻就把李繼捧以後的西夏君主統統改姓趙氏了。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷聰明黠慧,繼李繼捧而立後,原被北宋賜以「保吉」之名,所以宋時文獻稱之為趙保吉,但是他仍然跟北宋抗爭,如果力量夠強,就儘量侵城掠地,一旦力不如人,則一副可憐兮兮奉表乞和並求歸順,對北宋如此,對契丹也一樣,這種方式,如果從做人的角度來看,不僅不光明磊落,而且完全不像「英雄好漢」應有的風格,可是就一個國家而言,卻可以譽之為手腕靈活的求生之道, </span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">就憑這種手段獲得了銀</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">、夏</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註3)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">、綏</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註4)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">、宥</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註5)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">及靜</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註6)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">五州之地,雖然不是很大、很富的五州,但對西夏而言,開疆闢土已經有了很具體的成效。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) 李繼遷 - 雖已被北宋賜姓趙氏,但一般文獻仍多稱李氏</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) 銀 - 地約當今陝西省榆林地區米脂縣西北,銀州是北周武帝宇文邕保定三年西元563年所設置,因其地有驄馬城,胡語驄馬讀作「乞銀」,所以後來稱為銀州</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註3) 夏 - 註胡列國時赫連勃勃所建夏王朝都城統萬,後來北魏滅赫連夏,以其地為夏州,其地約當今陝西省榆林西南靖邊縣的白城子</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註4) 綏 - 其地春秋時為白翟地,戰國時屬魏,北朝西魏時始設為綏州,其地約當今陝西省榆林地區綏德縣</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註5) 宥 - 唐時在&、夏二州間置宥州,其地約當今內蒙古自治區伊克昭盟烏審旗西南至長城一帶地方</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註6) 靜 - 其地約在今無定河之西</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷以其靈活的外交手腕,為後來的西夏王朝奠定下堅實的基石,所以西夏李元昊正式建元立號後,追尊李繼遷為西夏太祖。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; 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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷並不以為滿足,仍然繼續侵掠北宋西北州郡,而且都有斬獲,讓北宋困擾不已,從西夏跟北宋鬥爭的過程中,可以看出北宋的因循苟安,既缺有雄心壯志的君王,又沒有能征善戰的將領,使北宋在鬥爭的過程中,常居劣勢。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷占地既廣,就在西元1003</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">建都靈州</span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">,改稱西平。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註1) </span><span style="outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">北宋真宗咸和六年、遼聖宗耶律隆緒統和二十一年</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註2) </span></span><span style="outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: pmingliu, serif; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">靈州 - 秦時為北地郡,北魏時置為薄骨律鎮,其地約當今寧夏回族自治區銀南地區靈武縣</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李繼遷在跟北宋的鬥爭中,雖然常居上風,但在西夏的西南邊,卻常受吐番各部落的騷擾,儘管常出兵跟吐番各部落作戰,可是多半以失敗收場,李繼遷本人且在跟吐番六谷都部作戰時,死於六谷都部酋長潘羅支之手。李繼遷死後,由他的兒子李德明嗣立,時為西元1012年。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李德明小字阿移,聰明黠慧過於乃父,繼立後仍然採行親遼仇宋決策,嗣位之後,立即遣使向契丹遼聖宗耶律隆緒告喪,遼聖宗封李德明為西平王,北宋朝廷雖然也遣使招撫李德明,同時駐紮西北邊地武將建議趁機發兵剿滅西夏,以絕後患,可是宋真宗優柔寡斷,不採此議,給了李德明喘息的機會,讓西夏始終成為北宋的大患,這或許就是北宋的國運吧。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李德明在位十二年(西元1012~1023年),對北宋仍然採行以往時叛時順的國策,讓西夏繼續壯大。李德明死後,由其子李元昊嗣立。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李元昊英明有為,他的誕生也有一段類似「神話」的傳說;他的母親衛慕氏是銀州大族,據說有一回衛慕氏跟李德明遊賀蘭山,衛慕氏晚上夢到有一條白龍纏繞到身體上,於是就懷了李元昊,而且懷孕十二個月才生產,李元昊生時「啼聲英異」,兩目奕奕有青光。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">這段近似「靈異」的傳說,完全繼承了中國傳統聖人「感天而生」後天附會的說法,作不得真。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">雖然事後的附會作不得真,但是李元昊倒真的英明有為,他嗣位時二十九歲,正是青壯之年,他有強烈的民族自尊心,認為不論唐代賜姓李氏、或宋代賜姓趙氏,都有違民族自尊,於是自稱是嵬名氏(嵬,音危),名「吾祖」(讀音</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">)<span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">,黨項族語言「吾祖」,是漢語可汗的意思,李元昊用「吾祖」這個讀音為名,要讓漢人稱他為吾祖,實在具極大的反諷意味,這或許跟以往漢文文獻總是對四周少數民族的稱謂,在用字上都會加上犬、豸、虫……旁有相當的反抗作用,單從這一點看,李元昊對漢文化應當有相當深入的認知。</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">後來他又把「吾祖」改為「兀卒」,這個「兀卒」也是尚項話,在漢語是青天子的意思,因為當時認為漢家皇帝是黃天子,所以他就自認是青天子,這樣夏、宋天子的地位就完全平等了,一時之間,眾黨項族部落都改稱「嵬名」<span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註)</span>了,從這可以看出他具有極強烈的民族意識。</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: xx-small; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(註) 嵬,音偉或規,嵬名,應該是黨項羌語的音譯,可是漢人不用偉名,偏用看起來不雅的嵬名</span></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">他個人在服飾上也作了標新立異的改變,他改穿「窄衫白衣,氈冠紅裏,冠頂後垂紅結綬」以示與眾不同。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李元昊(嵬名兀卒或嵬名吾祖)處事果斷,對有異志者,絕不輕縱,一律加以殺戮,縱然他的生母衛慕氏也被酖殺而死,其餘大臣更不在話下,他即位後娶了父親李德明第三個妻子訛藏屈嚷氏,並且以之為「兀泥」,「兀泥」是尚項語,意思是皇后,這幾乎是唐高宗李治娶他父親李世民才人武媚娘,最後並以之為皇后,如出一轍,所以說唐人染有胡風應該是不會錯的。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李元昊毫無疑問是一個英明能幹的帝王,西夏王朝在他領導下國勢蒸蒸日上,使西夏、宋、遼三個王朝三足鼎立,並且從而創造出許多令人驚艷的西夏文化,以下就西夏文化酌為介紹:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">先來看看西夏王朝跟人民的宗教信仰,無論西夏王室可能源於鮮卑拓跋部,或者西夏王朝所統治的廣大人民是黨項羌,他們早期都是泛靈信仰,所謂泛靈信仰就是萬物有神論,認為無論日月星辰、山川湖泊、風雨雷電、蟲蛇猛獸乃至花草樹木,莫不有神,這種泛靈信仰在初民社會中是極其普遍的,西夏王朝及其人民當然也不例外,據《宋史‧西夏傳》所載:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">「(夏人)篤信機鬼,尚詛祝(詛祝意思是向神明請求降災禍於人)。每出兵,則先卜。其卜有四:一、以艾灼羊脾骨以求兆,名炙勃焦;二、擘竹于地,若揲蓍以求數(揲,音蛇,意思是占卜時,以手指數蓍草,而將之分開。蓍,音師,古人用來占卜吉凶的一種草),謂之擘筭(筭,音算,通算)。三、夜以羊焚香祝之,又焚穀火布靜處,晨睹羊視其腸胃,通則兵無阻。心有血,則不利。四、以矢擊弓弦審其聲,知敵至之期,與兵交之勝負,及六畜之菑祥(菑,音意皆同災)、五穀之凶稔(稔,音忍,原意是穀物成熟,此處指豐收)。」</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">從上引史料看,西夏人占卜凶吉的四種方式,幾乎跟巫師作法沒啥兩樣,可見早期西夏在宗教上確實是泛靈信仰。自從諸胡列國魏晉南北朝之後,到了隋唐,佛教經過三百多年跟中國傳統思想的揉合,佛教已經中國化了,而中國人大部分也皈依了佛教,佛教如同中國文化一樣傳入西夏,西夏從王室到一般人民,都很虔誠的信奉了佛教。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">李元昊的父親西夏太宗李德明就曾經在西元1029年(北宋仁宗趙禎天聖七年)遣使向北宋獻馬七十匹,請北宋回贈佛經一藏,到李元昊時,更好佛教,在他顯道三年(西元1034年,宋仁宗景祐元年),也遣使到宋廷,獻馬五十匹,求佛經一藏,之後他兒子西夏毅宗李諒祚時,前後四次派使者向宋朝求佛經,可見其時西夏崇信佛教是極其虔誠的,自古以來真正「英明睿智」的帝王,都以神道設教來迷惑被統治的人民群眾,而真正虔心崇奉宗教的帝王,結果大多是被宗教消蝕了統治國家的能力,筆者曾在多本書中說:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; text-indent: 24pt; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><b style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">唯智者能利用宗教,愚者則被宗教利用</b>,國史上南朝梁武帝蕭衍及西夏諸帝顯然都因為過份崇信佛教,而致國力衰弱;而清初康、雍、乾三帝,能充分運用喇嘛教,統治了內、外蒙古及西藏近二百年,這些歷史事實,應該會給人們一些反省。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">且說西夏上自王室下至平民百姓,幾乎無不佞佛(佞,音寗;佞佛,指過份迷信佛法,以求得幸福),據文獻所載西夏景宗李元昊天授禮法延祚十年(天授禮法延祚是李元昊的年號,長達六字,是國史上絕無僅有者,是年為西元1047年,北宋仁宗趙禎慶曆七年),在興慶府(其地約當今寧夏回族自治州銀川市懷遠鎮一帶)興建一座規模宏偉的佛寺以及一群舍利塔,這座佛寺稱為高台寺,佛寺跟舍利塔都高達幾十丈,除了用以貯藏從宋廷請來的佛經(大藏經)外,還從西邊的回紇(就是後來的維吾爾)延聘許多佛教高僧住賜,講解佛法,並且將漢文佛經翻譯為西夏文,在這裏要插兩段說明,其一,當時回紇人還是篤信佛教,還沒有伊斯蘭化(伊斯蘭教是正確的稱謂,可是漢人,漢文文獻多稱之為回教);其次,西夏人為了要標明自己的獨特性,李元昊曾命大臣野利仁榮參照漢字,創制獨特的西夏文,類似漢字八分書,筆畫繁雜,很難辨識,除了本文前段影印了一份,現在再影印一份西夏文《大方廣佛華嚴經》卷第五末卷,供讀者參看。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">回頭說這座高台寺,相傳寺廟落成之初,富麗堂皇自是不在話下,整座高台寺的造形如同巨大的鳳凰頭,從遠處望來,彷彿鳳凰飛天,降臨塞上,可以說是氣象萬千,據明代《嘉靖寧夏新志》對高台寺有如下的記載:「高台寺,在城東一十五里。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(西)夏廢寺,台高三丈,慶恭王重修之,下有大湖千頃,山光水色,一望豁然。」可見高台寺在明世宗朱厚熜嘉靖(西元1522~1566年)修《寧夏新志》時,高台寺已經成為一片廢墟了,而由慶恭王在原址加以重修,比原來的高台寺矮了許多(原寺高幾十丈,或許有些誇張,但十來丈總會有的,重修後只高三丈),原來的高台寺很可能毀於蒙古攻打西夏的戰火之中,在中國歷史傳統中,在建立政權的過程中,對於對方具有歷史、文化意義的建築物,總是毫不留情的予以摧毀,高台寺的消失,不僅是黨項羌西夏的損失,也是中國歷史文化的浩劫。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: red; font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(圖)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏文銅牌(文為「宮門後寢侍命」)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏人佞佛到了不可思議的地步,在已經發現的西夏施經發願文中,幾乎有九成都是佛法無邊的讚歎,以及對天國阿彌陀世界的歌頌,完全不提及供養人或信奉者的祈求,這種只會付出不望回報的虔誠信仰,在國史上似乎除了雪鄉佛國的吐番(就是西藏)外,還找不到第三個民族對宗教如此迷戀和依賴。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">在西夏盛時境內佛教寺塔幾乎無所不在,西夏可以稱之為佛教王國,很可惜後來都毀於戰火,更可惜的缺少一部像《洛陽伽藍記》這樣的著作,(《洛陽伽藍記》是東魏陽玄之所著,詳細記載北魏時洛陽一地佛教寺廟的書籍),使西夏佛教寺塔得以藉由文字的記載,而傳留下來,如今要瞭解史上佛教王國,只能經由一些殘缺不全的寺塔遺跡去發思古之幽情,不過唯其如此,更使得西夏王朝增添了幾許神秘的色彩。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: red; font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(圖)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">黑城內西北角佛塔遺跡(1976年夏)</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: red; font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(圖)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏供養人像</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">中國佛教洞窟之最的敦煌莫高窟,雖然早在諸胡列國時代鮮卑族乞伏部的西秦(西元385~431年)開始營造,約七百年後的西夏也不缺席,經過專家學者的考證,西夏曾經在莫高窟開鑿了十七個洞窟,也就是現在編號第37,239,245,324,326,327,330,352,354,356,367,382,409(這個洞窟有人認為是隋代開鑿的,但西夏重新加以彩繪),415,464,491,以西夏的佞佛,照道理應該會開鑿更多的洞窟,但是只開鑿了十七窟,推測其原因大概是山崖可以開鑿的崖面已經不多了,所以西夏在不能開鑿新洞窟的制約下,就將舊有的洞窟加以整修,據專家實地考證經過西夏整修的洞窟總共有九十六窟之多,連同西夏自行開鑿的十七個洞窟,總數多達一一三窟,就數量而言,不可謂不多,如果說莫高窟千佛洞是中國文化的瑰寶,那麼西夏人也作出了相當的貢獻(關於西夏加以修葺的洞窟,詳細的編號,請參看胡戟、傅玫合著的《敦煌史話》一書頁101,北京中華書局1995年出版)。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏人在許多寺塔或洞窟的牆壁上畫了有關佛教的壁畫,都會加上供養人的畫像,從所附的西夏供養人畫像中,可以看到三個供養人的服飾,跟中原漢人並沒有多大的差異,從而可以證明西夏的黨項羌跟漢人在文化已經有相當程度的混融了,不過在供養人旁邊三個較小的人物畫像,可能是供養人的僕役,他們的髮形是屬於髡髮(髡,音昆;髡髮,是指把頭髮剃掉),跟漢人的束髮倒是有很大的差異,髮形跟髮飾可以作為民族的區隔,所以早在春秋時代,孔子就說過:</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">「<b style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">微管仲,吾其披髮左衽矣!</b>」</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">所以從西夏人的髮形看,也不必強調黨項羌也是炎黃之胄,其實中國自秦漢之後,就是由多元民族所共同建構而成,國家由各民族所共同擁有,刻意漠視各民族的差異,強調都是炎黃之胄,並沒有意義,這是題外,就此打住。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏人篤信佛教,幾乎都沒有個人的私心要求,這點可從已發現的西夏施經發願文中,九成以上都是對佛法的禮贊而不帶有個人的慾求,這點從西夏王室到平民百姓都是一致的,如此強烈的佛教歸屬感,除了西藏外在國史上似不多見,西夏的滅亡,跟太多的人力、物力消耗在興建寺塔上,多少有些關聯,但是黨項羌卻因國家的滅亡,逐漸融入蒙古、漢人之中(元朝滅亡後,許多蒙古人也融入漢人之中,筆者在許多文章裏都一再強調,漢人基本上是由多元民族所共同構成,時代越遠,其內涵越複雜),使民族的生命跟漢人結為生命共同體而得綿延不絕,對黨項羌而言,是福是禍?或許就像「佛曰不可說」吧!</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏王室很注重修築陵墓,這點跟漢人歷代皇帝極為雷同,帝王為身後不恤民力營建規模宏大的陵墓,只是在形式上跟中原帝王的陵墓有很大的差別,既沒有壯觀的牌樓或華表,也沒有類同看守陵墓的石雕翁仲(是指墳墓前所立的石人或者銅像),只在平地堆土成山,雖然有將之比擬為埃及的金字塔,不過無論在規模或結構上,跟埃及金字塔的差異不可以道里計,儘管如此,西夏的王陵高達二十多公尺,也算相當的壯觀了;西夏歷代帝王的王陵,集中坐落在寧夏回族自治區銀川市以西約三十公里的賀蘭山東麓,說起賀蘭山,相信大家立刻會反射岳武穆的<滿江紅>,其中有一句「踏破賀蘭山闕」,彰顯了岳飛的雄心壯志,賀蘭山命名的由來,可能難以考據,不過鮮卑族拓跋氏北魏興起之初,拓跋珪曾經寄居在賀蘭氏部落,賀蘭山或許跟鮮卑族賀蘭氏有關;西夏歷代帝王的王陵在賀蘭山下,更顯出賀蘭山在歷史上既是多元民族爭奪衝突的場域,也是眾多民族文化交會融合的地點。現存的西夏王陵群,都有被盜挖過的痕跡,遙想當年西夏諸王下葬時,必然有許多珍貴的陪葬品,這些珍寶異物而今都不見了,留下的只是一堆堆高大的土丘,供後人憑吊,彷彿告訴後人西夏王朝確實存在過,就這樣越發顯得西夏王朝的神秘性。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="color: red; font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">(圖)</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">被譽為類似金字塔的西夏王陵</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">西夏為了自身的生存和發展,不但要固守既有的國土,還要向外擴張疆域,這都是無可厚非的作法,但是如果在漢人的立場看,西夏的擴張,就是宋王朝的被侵掠,宋朝為了捍衛國土、保護沿邊居民的安全,宋、夏之間自然經常發生戰爭,無所謂對錯問題,本文不擬對這些戰爭作詳細的描敘,但是北宋名臣范仲淹(西元989~1052年)曾經擔任陜西經略安撫副使(經略使是唐時邊州軍事長官,設於唐太宗李世民貞觀二年,西元628年,其後常以節度使兼領經略使。宋初不常置,宋仁宗趙禎寶元年間,西元1038~1040年,為防備西夏騷擾邊境,在沿邊各路設置經略使,常兼任安撫使,所以也稱經略安撫使,掌一路兵民大政,范仲淹時任陝西路經略安撫副使),就曾經跟西夏交鋒,照道理說范仲淹是文人,應該不會領兵作戰,不過古代真正讀書人,除了熟讀儒家經典外,還會兼讀像《孫子兵法》之類的兵書、乃至諸子百家,這是所謂通儒,范仲淹當然是通儒,他是主帥,無需衝鋒陷陣,只要運籌帷幄得當,自然就可以決勝千里了,就像諸葛亮、謝安一樣,范仲淹充分展現了他軍事上的才華,在他指揮若定之下,使西夏難越雷池,而且認為他「腹中有數萬甲兵」,范仲淹可能有了跟西夏交手而又身處邊地的經驗,所以才能道出「處江胡之遠則憂其君,處廟堂之上則憂其民」,以及「先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂」這種胸懷天下的仁者之心。</span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">宋代在清涼山開鑿的萬佛洞,石壁上還留下范仲淹駐守延州時所題的詩句,心懷天下蒼生的人,終究會在歷史上留下紀錄的。范仲淹戍守延州,目睹邊地民生疾苦,所以他既憂國又憂民,寫了<漁家傲>一詞,讀後心中自當有無限的感慨,現在將全文抄錄如下:</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">塞下秋來風景異,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">衡陽雁去無留意。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">四面邊聲連塞起,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">千嶂里。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">寒</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">烟</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">落日孤城閉,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">濁酒一杯家萬里,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">燕然未勒歸無計。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">羌管悠悠霜滿地,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">人不寐,</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;">將軍白髮征夫淚。</span><span style="font-family: pmingliu, serif; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><o:p style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"></o:p></span></div>
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</article>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-78186907985546320602019-11-04T04:16:00.007-08:002021-02-05T17:16:13.928-08:00測試內容目錄<span style="font-size: large;">這篇在測試加入一組可以自動生成文章內容目錄的HTML和CSS程式碼.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="mbtTOC">
<button onclick="mbtToggle()">目錄索引</button>
<ol id="mbtTOC"></ol>
</div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: x-large;">第一, 放置位置</span></h4>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">建議把內容目錄放在文章的第一段之後.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: x-large;">第二, 選擇合適的heading</span></h4>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">可以用h2, h3, h4端看本身主題模板的設定</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: x-large;">第三, 格式設定</span></h4>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">還想加入背景顏色</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: x-large;">第四, 啟動碼</span></h4>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">在有需要的文章中才要加入內容目錄</span><br />
<br />
<!--目錄索引啓動程式碼-->
<script>mbtTOC();</script>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-65448641696213757642019-11-04T01:16:00.003-08:002020-05-05T00:41:21.961-07:00test heading background<h2>
test heading </h2>
background<br />
<br />
test<br />
<br />
<h4>
Test<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFV-IyHk8v1QmtyRk4Msk_5JvsOzkSK9gBKc9qaB-yIJes9biGSyloogtrWKRXS_NOxNOZmL1XFgnbGjuqCOZ0P8rKcNP8u8bCjEEq870tOoQ00_Gij3n2WglQJLBp2wZnWO0tN0LoGjk/s1600/592943d67b31a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="983" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFV-IyHk8v1QmtyRk4Msk_5JvsOzkSK9gBKc9qaB-yIJes9biGSyloogtrWKRXS_NOxNOZmL1XFgnbGjuqCOZ0P8rKcNP8u8bCjEEq870tOoQ00_Gij3n2WglQJLBp2wZnWO0tN0LoGjk/s320/592943d67b31a.png" width="320" /></a></div>
</h4>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-68713052076855660762019-11-03T23:33:00.002-08:002020-02-22T15:30:47.380-08:00測試加TOC這是我的第一段文章,內容目錄會加在這一段文章之後<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="mbtTOC">
<button onclick="mbtToggle()">Contents</button>
<br />
<ol id="mbtTOC"></ol>
</div>
接下來怎麼把目錄加進去啊?<br />
<h2>
<div style="-moz-border-radius-toptight: 50px; -moz-border-right-bottomleft: 50px; border-bottom-right-radius: 50px; border-top-right-radius: 50px; border: 1px solid #ffff00; text-align: center;">
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">
我也不知道</span></h4>
</div>
</h2>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;">要加入TOC的要設定為標題</span></div>
<h4>
<strong style="background: #f3cf55; border-radius: 3px;"><span style="font-size: large;">
怎麼叫自動加入呢</span></strong></h4>
<h2>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;">內文就一般</span></span><br />
</h2>
<h4>
<strong style="background: #ffff00; border-radius: 5px;"><span style="font-size: large;">
騙人的嗎?
</span></strong></h4>
<div>
就成功了,不是騙人的啦<br />
果然有用耶。<br />
所以,不用加數字在前面,TOC會自動幫你加。<br />
<br />
<h4>
<span style="background-color: cyan; font-size: large;">
結論</span></h4>
己打好的文章也可以,只要把想要加在TOC的設為標題即可。</div>
<br />
接下來要放的是啓動碼在文章結尾<br />
<br />
<script>mbtTOC();</script> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-82455202314426471292019-11-03T22:28:00.000-08:002020-02-22T15:31:34.681-08:00測試TOC-部落格賺錢<div style="letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.7;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBuwNovGz0ru6u1HejctogCIiCaW_97rH9TS_W0z2FUCVkBMa6ltdU2Myg7vGoq6m2nY7y-d9rpYNpoOcDJ34IjycOJf4R9Uzr4UEwZ2cwrclWp3sv05I2bfF9K69Ya-5ESffpXoQyBqo3/s1600/catch1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBuwNovGz0ru6u1HejctogCIiCaW_97rH9TS_W0z2FUCVkBMa6ltdU2Myg7vGoq6m2nY7y-d9rpYNpoOcDJ34IjycOJf4R9Uzr4UEwZ2cwrclWp3sv05I2bfF9K69Ya-5ESffpXoQyBqo3/s200/catch1.gif" width="120" /></a><span style="font-size: large;">用部落格賺錢的方式千奇百萬, 有人可以靠著手寫和幫廣告商代言的功力月入數百萬. 也有人只</span><span style="font-size: large;">靠著訪客來訪的流量放廣告賺錢. </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">
</span> <span style="font-size: large;">對於一個部落格新手, </span><span style="font-size: large;">我只想知道純興趣的部落客怎麼僅靠著流量放廣告賺取微薄的零用金.</span><span style="font-size: medium;"> (目標也僅是一天一杯的咖啡錢罷了, 哈!)</span>
<br />
<!--加入內容目錄-->
<br />
<div class="mbtTOC">
<button onclick="mbtToggle()">Contents</button>
<br />
<ol id="mbtTOC"></ol>
</div>
<div clas="" s="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<!--結束加入內容目錄-->
<!-- 正方形多媒體 --> <script async="" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
<br />
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5504098915254088" data-ad-format="auto" data-ad-slot="5753394178" data-full-width-responsive="true" style="display: block;"></ins><span style="font-size: large;">這篇是針對新手部落客, 目前收集了幾種靠訪客來訪的流量和點擊率賺零用金的方式: <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/how-about-bloggerads.html" target="_blank">BloggerAds</a>, <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/google-adsense.html" target="_blank">Google AdSense</a>, <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/07/likecoin.html" target="_blank">LikeCoin</a>, <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/10/coffee.html" target="_blank">Buy Me a Coffee</a>和<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/08/adfly.html" target="_blank">AdF.ly</a> </span><span style="font-size: large;">和幾種做"<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/affiliate-marketing.html" target="_blank">聯盟行銷</a>"的渠道-靠推薦商品賺取成交回饋金的平台. </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">
</span> <span style="font-size: large;">之前用<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/wordpresscom.html" target="_blank">WordPress.com</a>的免費平台試著尋找有沒有免費可以放廣告僅靠流量賺錢的方式, 沒找到</span><span style="font-size: x-small;">(可以放聯盟行銷的廣告, 但不能放BloggerAds & Google AdSense)</span><span style="font-size: large;">. 基本上是要用WordPress.org 下載的WordPress軟體<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/web-hosting-domain-name.html" target="_blank">自架網站</a>才有可能裝賺錢的廣告軟體. 不然就是要在WordPress.com上申級付費才能賺取廣告收入. </span>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;">對於初出茅廬剛踏入50</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">(武林)</span><span style="font-size: large;">的我, 這不是目前的最好的選項. 因為我明白以我的流量不知要等到猴年馬月才能把自架網站和升級的本金賺回來. 😓</span>
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-99.png" height="267" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-99.png" width="400" />
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</span><span style="font-size: large;">於是決定捨棄才剛開始的 WordPress.com 的新建格子, 開始尋找更適合的"宿主". 前二天用 Google Blogger 試, 成功的在部落上放了<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/how-about-bloggerads.html" target="_blank">第一個</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/how-about-bloggerads.html" target="_blank">BloggerAds的</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/how-about-bloggerads.html" target="_blank">廣告</a>!!! 才不到一天, 而且在還沒有告訴親朋好友的情況下, 居然已經幫我掙了92毛錢</span>(台幣)<span style="font-size: large;">了耶....</span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-119.png" height="70" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-119.png" width="200" />
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-120.png" height="180" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-120.png" width="640" /></span>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2qa8Ay2FEncreM8Co_q8ZaNDSzi8O5HTKRfBbKv1yWPlZsx3cteCEkwY28HsuWAM3gLUuTggOCt0QZeqChLzm82FmNrjsyKt3h8ZZRli4ztiHn5qOiCoDDd66yth313N_b4n9vbss8yG8/s1600/happy1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2qa8Ay2FEncreM8Co_q8ZaNDSzi8O5HTKRfBbKv1yWPlZsx3cteCEkwY28HsuWAM3gLUuTggOCt0QZeqChLzm82FmNrjsyKt3h8ZZRli4ztiHn5qOiCoDDd66yth313N_b4n9vbss8yG8/s200/happy1.gif" width="200" /></a>
<span style="font-size: large;">這真是太振奮人心了, 雖說, 就算一天能賺到一元, 一年也才365元. 哈!</span>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;">真的是太感謝有這位<a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/laziest-blogads" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">高手無私的分享</a> 介紹了 BloggerAds 這個入門輕鬆, 上手容易的賺錢管道.</span>
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</span><span style="font-size: large;">廣告也不是隨便放放就好, 還有一點小敝步可以幫你把廣告收益變的最大化</span>.
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<span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: medium;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;">第一, 當然就是廣告的位置了</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">. </span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;">我試了"橫版", 然後放在最上面. 但發現縱使我選了三個頻道, 但也只出現一個廣告, 而且內文沒有廣告</span>.(真不知這是好還是不好! 以前, 都不想要有廣告, 現在為了錢, 還巴不得到處都是廣告, 哈!)
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<button aria-label="斜體" aria-pressed="false" class="components-button components-icon-button components-toolbar__control" style="-webkit-appearance: none; align-items: flex-end; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-color: initial; border-radius: 4px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #555d66; cursor: pointer; display: inline-flex; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: inherit; height: 36px; margin: 0px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 3px; position: relative; width: 36px;" type="button"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="dashicon dashicons-editor-italic" focusable="false" height="20" role="img" viewbox="0 0 20 20" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M14.78 6h-2.13l-2.8 9h2.12l-.62 2H4.6l.62-2h2.14l2.8-9H8.03l.62-2h6.75z"></path></svg></button></div>
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<button aria-label="鏈結" aria-pressed="false" class="components-button components-icon-button components-toolbar__control" style="-webkit-appearance: none; align-items: flex-end; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-color: initial; border-radius: 4px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #555d66; cursor: pointer; display: inline-flex; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: inherit; height: 36px; margin: 0px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 3px; position: relative; width: 36px;" type="button"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="dashicon dashicons-admin-links" focusable="false" height="20" role="img" viewbox="0 0 20 20" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M17.74 2.76c1.68 1.69 1.68 4.41 0 6.1l-1.53 1.52c-1.12 1.12-2.7 1.47-4.14 1.09l2.62-2.61.76-.77.76-.76c.84-.84.84-2.2 0-3.04-.84-.85-2.2-.85-3.04 0l-.77.76-3.38 3.38c-.37-1.44-.02-3.02 1.1-4.14l1.52-1.53c1.69-1.68 4.42-1.68 6.1 0zM8.59 13.43l5.34-5.34c.42-.42.42-1.1 0-1.52-.44-.43-1.13-.39-1.53 0l-5.33 5.34c-.42.42-.42 1.1 0 1.52.44.43 1.13.39 1.52 0zm-.76 2.29l4.14-4.15c.38 1.44.03 3.02-1.09 4.14l-1.52 1.53c-1.69 1.68-4.41 1.68-6.1 0-1.68-1.68-1.68-4.42 0-6.1l1.53-1.52c1.12-1.12 2.7-1.47 4.14-1.1l-4.14 4.15c-.85.84-.85 2.2 0 3.05.84.84 2.2.84 3.04 0z"></path></svg></button></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">所以, 還是選"直版" + "同步投放內文與橫版廣告至所有文章中"這個選項.</span></div>
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-56.png" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-56.png" />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ8lPmgZ0Jq7bMI28Czk4Ki5hZae7KN35UQFz9Tv44fhu-8duKZARC2xqf4y1GhF4BHnwUzF15bGUHIh8JHmMHVaRwOYcBKPYrv2gOsgS3tNF3M-txtBaBWe3TqwzNeqa05pi8q5sy9Ko_/s1600/IMG_1263.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ8lPmgZ0Jq7bMI28Czk4Ki5hZae7KN35UQFz9Tv44fhu-8duKZARC2xqf4y1GhF4BHnwUzF15bGUHIh8JHmMHVaRwOYcBKPYrv2gOsgS3tNF3M-txtBaBWe3TqwzNeqa05pi8q5sy9Ko_/s1600/IMG_1263.PNG" /></a><br />
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二者差別是, 如果你不想在你嘔心瀝血的大作中見到煞風景的廣告, 那麼, 請單選"橫版" 或是"直版"就好. 不要勾選"同步投放內文" 這個選項, 那麼廣告會很乾淨的只出現在你指定放置廣告的位置上</span>. (如左圖)
<a href="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-58.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-58.png" border="0" height="400" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-58.png" width="203" /></a><span style="font-size: large;">如果, 你和我一樣財迷心竅, 巴不得愈多愈好, 因為覺得曝光率愈高, 帶來的收益應該愈大的話, 那就請選"<b>直版" + "同步投放內文與橫版廣告至所有文章中</b>".
這樣的版面有點亂, 因為你的大作中會突現廣告, 有時有可能會影響到你的版面設計. </span><span style="font-size: medium;">(但我覺得當廣告跳出來時, 我彷彿看到了$, 聽到了"ka-ching"的聲音😜)
<後記>由於自動加入文章內的廣告的確影響到我的圖文搭配的版面, 目前已取消"同步投放內文"的廣告了. 但可以手動放置"內文廣告"在你想要的位置, 請看下面步驟七.</span><br />
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<b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: x-large;">第二, 廣告的數量.</span></b> </h3>
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</span></b> <span style="font-size: large;">最多也就3則. 我財迷心竅, 當然就是最大化的選了3則. 😅</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">第三, 廣告的種類.</span></b></h3>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;">選廣告比較多的種類. 如果選的廣告種類目前並沒有廣告可撥放, 就會放公益廣告或是沒有廣告. 所以儘量挑比較熱門的種類, 才會一直有不同的廣告出現. 不過, 要說廣告的種類, BloggerAds 這一點就真的大輸 Google AdSense 一大截了.</span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: x-large;">第四, 可以多放2個位置</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">.😋</span></span></h3>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;">這個有沒有幫助, 老實說, 我就不知道了! 但本著<b>多曝光多收益</b>的概念, 我就... 留著不小心多放的一個BloggerAds 在下方了.</span>
<img alt="這張圖片的 alt 屬性值為空,它的檔案名稱為 image-59.png" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-59.png" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: "noto serif", serif; font-size: 15px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 165px;" />
<span style="font-size: large;">如果你也通過了 <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/google-adsense.html" target="_blank">Google AdSense</a> 的審核, 當然比起多放2個一模一樣的 BloggerAds 廣告, 多放2個 AdSense dSense 的廣告才是真的有用! AdSense 的廣告格式比較多樣化, 所以可以根據你想放的位置來決定廣告的尺寸. 譬如說, 我在 BloggerAds 的廣告下多加了一則 AdSense 的正方形廣告, 然後又在文章底部加了一則橫幅的 AdSense 的廣告. 最棒的是, 3則 AdSense 的廣告不會儍儍的出現同樣內容, 3則會是3個不同的廣告. </span>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-50.png" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-50.png" width="400" />
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-51.png" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-51.png" width="400" /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-52.png" height="255" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-52.png" width="400" /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">由上面的截圖可以清楚的看到我貪心的放了4則</span><span style="font-size: medium;">(我以為只放3則, 哈)</span><span style="font-size: large;"> AdSense 的廣告, 但聰明的 AdSense 會給我4則不同內容的廣告, 而且每次換頁面, 4則內容也會有所變換. 不像 BloggerAds 的, 不管我怎麼貪心的放, 出現的始終是那3種內容. 有點無聊.</span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: x-large;">第五, 增加部落格數量</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">.</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: large;">看別的高手格子寫同一個帳號可以同時申請10個部落格, 廣告獎金是分開單獨計算但可以合併請款. 不過, 我想, 那是以前的戰國時期吧, 現在天下抵定, 太平盛世, 錢沒那麼好賺了. 看來現在同個帳號只能有3個部落格. </span>(對我也沒差啦, 哪有那個本事同時照顧十個格子啊!)
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-60.png" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-60.png" />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: x-large;">第六, 放"推薦商品"的貼紙</span></b><b style="font-size: x-large;"> </b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: medium;">(這個就有點像聯盟行銷的概念了)</span></span></div>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;"> BloggerAds 除了放廣告靠流量和點擊率賺錢之外, 還提供了"推薦商品"小貼紙. 這個和流量及點擊率無關了, 基本上是要有網友透過你的網頁上的貼紙成功的購買了商品, 你就能獲得成交回饋獎.</span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-111.png" height="235" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-111.png" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">這個貼紙可以貼在個別的文章和頁面內, 也可以貼在你的主網頁旁. 如果想放在你主網頁旁, 就用 "<b>+新增小工具</b> " 選 "HTML/JavaScript" 把廣告的程式碼貼上即可. 如果想放在文章內文中, 只需在文章編輯器按<b>HTML</b>, 然後在你想要出現廣告貼紙的地方貼上廣告程式碼即可. 如下右圖, 我不是每篇文章下都放, 但如果想放, 會加在文章最下方, 貼上廣告程式碼即可.
<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-114.png" height="320" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-114.png" width="192" /></span><a href="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-113.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-113.png" border="0" height="320" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-113.png" width="268" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">第七, 手動加入廣告在每篇文章中.</b></span></h2>
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<a href="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-63.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-63.png" border="0" height="230" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-63.png" width="400" /></a><span style="font-size: large;">這個是比較麻煩的做法, 就是每篇都要COPY廣告程式碼然後手動貼在你願意讓廣告出現的位置. 當然了, 如上所述, 我估計位置的高低也影响到你的廣告收益. 做法很簡單, 在BloggerAds裡先選好"<b>橫版</b>", 然後COPY廣告程式碼, 回到你想要加入的文章中, 按HTML, 貼上即可. 我是選在文章最下方, 你也可以放在文章最上方, 或是當做你的文章分隔線. 總之, 這樣的做法雖然比較麻煩, 因為你要自己加入, 但至少它出現的位置是由你決定. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">同樣的, 如果你也申請到了Google AdSense的廣告, 文章中的分隔線你就可以選擇是用AdSense 的或是 BloggerAds 的了. 至於怎麼放AdSense 的在文章中, 基本上和上面放BloggerAds的是大同小異的, 可以參考這篇"<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/07/google-adsense.html" target="_blank">設定Google AdSense廣告</a>".</span></div>
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<!--廣告程式碼 Google AdSense--> <script async="" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
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<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5504098915254088" data-ad-format="fluid" data-ad-layout="in-article" data-ad-slot="8660557293" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></ins><script>
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
</script>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">第八, 用LikeCoin打賞</b></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;">利用</span><a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/07/likecoin.html" style="font-size: x-large;" target="_blank">LikeCoin化讚為賞</a><span style="font-size: large;">的方法, 在自己的每一篇文章上都貼上"拍拍手"小標籤, 這是另一個替自己增加零用錢的小撇步!</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">先幫我拍5下小手吧!😁</span></div>
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<!--賺加密貨幣程式碼 LikeCoin--> <iframe class="lc-margin-top-64 lc-margin-bottom-32 lc-mobile" data-v-b66e9a5a="" frameborder="0" src="https://button.like.co/in/embed/365ordinarydays/button?referrer=https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/06/blog-post_24.html"></iframe> </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">第九, 用"<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/10/coffee.html" target="_blank">Buy Me A Coffee"獎勵法</a></b></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;">利用<a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/365ordinarydays" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #ab183d; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 15.4px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.17s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><img alt="Buy Me A Coffee" src="https://cdn.buymeacoffee.com/buttons/default-orange.png" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; height: 51px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 217px !important;" /></a>小貼紙, 這是另一個類似 </span><a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/07/likecoin.html" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #ab183d; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.17s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">"LikeCoin"</a> <span style="font-size: large;">的一種獎勵創作者和部落客的方式</span>.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">第十, 轉址賺錢法</b></span> </h2>
<span style="font-size: large;">是用傳說中的<a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/08/adfly.html" target="_blank">"轉址賺錢"法-AdF.ly</a>-利用內含廣告的縮網址達到強迫性的廣告點擊率. 網路上流傳著用這個縮網址再轉址的方法可以靠著單純的"姜太公釣魚"式的點擊率賺到比放Google廣告還快幾倍的零用錢. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">第十一</span><span style="font-size: x-large;">: </span><a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/10/adfly.html" style="font-size: xx-large;" target="_blank">AdFly自製點擊貼紙</a></b></span> </h2>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;">這是利用AdFly來自製一個獎勵小貼紙, 如果訪客願意可以點擊</span><span style="font-size: large;">獎勵小貼紙, </span><span style="font-size: large;">格主便可因此獲得小量的獎勵金.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">第十二, 加入聯盟行銷</span></b></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;">上述的九種方法都是屬於很<b>被動</b>的方式, 僅僅靠訪客來訪的<b>流量</b>和<b>點擊率</b>來賺取<span style="color: red;">微薄</span>的零用金. 也是一種真的"名副其實"的<b>被動收入</b>. 確實是什麼都不用做就能賺到的錢. 但也是除非貴站一天來訪的訪客有超過一萬人, 不然, 靠流量賺的廣告金真的連一天一柸咖啡的錢都賺不到的.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">如果真的想要靠部落格來賺到錢, 那麼請考慮做聯盟行銷. <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/affiliate-marketing.html" target="_blank">什麼是聯盟行銷</a>?? 那就是</span><span style="font-size: large;">用</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b>推薦商品</b>的方式</span><span style="font-size: large;">來賺取成交佣金. 在這些聯盟行銷平台中, </span><span style="font-size: large;">尋找你用過的或是喜歡</span><span style="font-size: large;">的可以來分享你的使用經驗. 並藉由分享賺取分潤回饋金的. </span><span style="font-size: large;">幾個知名大型的聯盟行銷平台有: </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/08/ichannels.html" target="_blank">通路王 iChannels</a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">2) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/08/affiliates.html" target="_blank">聯盟網 Affiliates One</a></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">3) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/ebay.html" target="_blank">eBay Partner Network</a></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">4) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/amazon.html" target="_blank">Amazon Associates Programme</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">5) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/books.html" target="_blank">博客來AP策略聯盟</a></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">6) <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/09/taobao.html" target="_blank">阿里媽媽的淘寶聯盟</a> </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">7) ClickBank</span>
<span style="font-size: large;">8) ShareASales</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">還沒有聯盟網/通路王的帳號嗎? 請按下面連結圖示</span><a href="https://bit.ly/2MA4XQ7" style="font-size: x-large;" target="_blank">申請你的聯盟網</a><span style="font-size: large;"> 和</span><a href="https://ibanana.biz/2Y-dg" style="font-size: x-large;" target="_blank">通路王</a><span style="font-size: large;">, 加入時下最流行的affiliate marketing 聯盟行銷開始網賺吧!</span></div>
<a href="https://track.afftck.com/track/clicks/1210/ce2bc2bf9b0027dfefcda67f8835ce13286e49ca76ecf0ab416db3076604?subid_1=&subid_2=&subid_3=&subid_4=&subid_5="><img border="0" height="200" src="https://track.afftck.com/track/imp/img/12170/ce2bc2bf9b0027dfefcda67f8835ce13286e49ca76ecf0ab416db3076604?subid_1=&subid_2=&subid_3=&subid_4=&subid_5=" width="128" /></a><a href="https://ibanana.biz/2Z15V" style="color: red; display: inline-block; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><img src="http://img.oeya.com/images/201606/1466389957251751602.gif" height="400" style="border: 0px; display: inline; height: 180px; max-width: 100%; width: 120px;" width="266" /></a>
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<b><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: x-large;">第十三, 買個現成的網站來網賺</span></b></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;">如果覺得無論如何弄一個部落格對你是不可能辦到的事, 但又想要有一個網站來賺錢? 那就是買一個現成的網站囉. </span><a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/flippa" rel="nofollow" style="font-size: x-large;" target="_blank">Flippa</a><span style="font-size: large;">是一個買賣網站的網站. 先免費註冊登入後, 你就可以看到每一個在賣的網站的目前的收益和流量.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">當然, 還有其他的管道, 但目前不是我有本事做到的, 就不在這裡廢話了, 請看下面各個50高手的原文吧.</span></div>
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附上走訪過的50高手的藏身之處</div>
<a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/blog-ads" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">提高BloggerAds 收益的三種正當方法</a>
<a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/bear-blog-ads" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">六個方法教你如何在 BloggerAds 部落格廣告賺到錢</a>
<a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/blogads2" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">何謂部落格行銷</a>
<a href="http://eunsetee.com/22067557/bear-blog-money" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">工作熊-部落格賺大集合</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><後記></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2019-06-28 星期四</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">來更新一下放 BloggerAds 的收益進度. 果真如某位50高手分析的一樣, BloggerAds 對於新入江湖的50人士很友善的採取鼓勵的模式. 頭一天真的給的很大方, 讓你不會想要急流湧退, 只想勇往直前的衝!衝!!衝!!!</span></div>
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<img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-100.png" height="310" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/image-100.png" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">所以, 從上面的圖表可以清楚的看到, 第一天那麼少的曝光次數BloggerAds 就賞了我92 毛錢. 第二天更是振奮人心的沖到了2元多. 但從第三天起, 就驟降到只 38 毛, 縱使曝光次數是第一天的4.5倍. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">然後, 在什麼也沒改變</span>(沒有去變換廣告的種類和位置)<span style="font-size: large;">的情況下, "要求次數"和"曝光次數"都比第3, 4天少, 但</span><span style="font-size: large;">第五天的</span><span style="font-size: large;">收益郤居然是第3, 4 天的5倍?? 嗯..... 很耐人尋味.......</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjvWJULBW8_FgMbAfgxY1vEieTKx4uc_Pu1FXA5F26s9ed4po_CsNU71UN0IK5hAqVv0jHuxv_xzyezw1z4YvwTyZ9yS8EWDH-O7MiGmJae3hxj-6ut88YH3XHL4JqLm_lfWejKt9MPZz/s1600/ummm1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjvWJULBW8_FgMbAfgxY1vEieTKx4uc_Pu1FXA5F26s9ed4po_CsNU71UN0IK5hAqVv0jHuxv_xzyezw1z4YvwTyZ9yS8EWDH-O7MiGmJae3hxj-6ut88YH3XHL4JqLm_lfWejKt9MPZz/s200/ummm1.gif" width="200" /></a></div>
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<後記></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">一邁入七月, BloggerAds 的收益就變的相當令人失望, 甚至還連著2天是 0...... 還好此時 Google AdSense 馬上接手, 幫忙衝了不少業績. 詳情請看 <a href="https://365ordinarydays.blogspot.com/2019/07/google-adsense-vs-bloggerads.html" target="_blank">Google AdSense vs BloggerAds</a> 篇.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="éå¼µåçç alt 屬æ§å¼çºç©ºï¼å®çæªæ¡åç¨±çº image-42.png" height="406" src="https://365ordinarydayshome.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/image-42.png" width="640" /></span>
(這裡附上3天Google AdSense的收益報表, 比BloggerAds的詳細許多, 也大方許多!)</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-45332615047282805412019-10-27T23:56:00.003-07:002020-05-14T19:26:48.688-07:00測試GIF<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="giphy-embed" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://giphy.com/embed/WU7C2i6cJlylc7wZBI" width="480"></iframe><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-2417833786027531752019-10-26T15:31:00.002-07:002020-02-22T15:31:34.540-08:00buy me a coffee測試buy me a coffee widget codeUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8479962348737293509.post-42361077815634924482019-10-11T00:57:00.001-07:002020-02-22T15:31:20.885-08:00test clickbank<iframe frameborder="0" height="230" scrolling="no" src="http://www.themematcher.com/form?link=http://365keepers.themematch.hop.clickbank.net&dark=true" style="border: none; overflow: hidden;" width="500"></iframe>
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